GENERAL PATHOLOGY. 49 



from underscoring the symptoms and morbid anatomy of this 

 species of anthracoid plague which, unless we are greatly in 

 error, places it " toto coelo " in the constellation of epizootics 

 from the Einderpest.* 



If, however, it should seem that Layard's account is not as 

 explicit in establishing the diversity between the distemper 

 of 1745 and the Pest, as that of Bates, with reference to the 

 murrain of 1714 : it will not be a difficult task to supplement 

 the evidence by a concise review of three papers on this sub- 

 ject, read before the Eoyal Society,! by Cromwell Mortimer, 

 M. D. ; premising, however, that his first might, in some 

 respects, have misled Layard, as it seems to have led astray 

 some of his readers in later times. The description which is 

 given in his earliest account of animals, observed to be ill — 



That on " the very first day they have a huskiness, breathe short 



and wheeze, but have no great cough Some lay down 



their heads and run much at the nose The second or third 



day most of them fall into a purging ; groan much and seem to be in 

 great pain. The stools seem to be bilious ; have cakes of jelly come 

 away with them, and some were streaked with blood. They soon 

 died after these stools came on. Those that are kept out in the cold 

 air seldom lived beyond the third day ; those that are kept in warm 

 houses and clothed ; live five, six, and seven days. Many of the cows 

 have a wild stare with their eyes ; the whites of the eye and the skin 

 of the eyelids looked yellowish ; their tongues looked white ; they 

 had no extraordinary heat in their mouths, or at the roots of their 

 horns (a place where they usually feel to judge of the heat of cattle), 

 or in the axilla or arm-pit. The mucus running from their nose is 

 very thick and ropy ; their milk is thick and yellow." 



might have deceived those who did not carefully study the 

 post mortem given ; notice the fact, that the description of 

 symptoms while suffering under the malady, and of the appear- 



* We note that Gamgee, in objecting to the title given to the Pest by Dr. Bitdd, " The Siberian 

 Cattle Plague," says: "It is apt to lead to confusion with the Siberian Boil Plague, an enzootic 

 rather than an epizootic disease, a form of anthrax which never spreads beyond the Russian 

 dominions, and which is unknown in healthy districts, even in Siberia itself. The Siberian Boil 

 Plague attacks cattle, but principally men and horses ; and although there are at times wide-spread 

 outbreaks, these occur under the influence of excessive heat during the hottest months of the 

 year," &c. (Cattle Plague, p. 23.) 



t See Transactions for 1745, No. 477, p. 532 and 549 ; No. 478, p. 4 ; Vol. IX of Abridgment, p. p. 

 171, 177, 184. 



7 



