GENERAL PATHOLOGY. 51 



bladders of water ; there was no appearance of any inflammation in 

 the pleura, or in either the internal or external intercostal muscles : 

 the windpipe was iriflamed greatly throughout its whole course, espe- 

 cially its inside^ but the gullet, which lay so near it, was not in the 

 least inflamed ; the heart was of its natural size ; the pericardium full 

 of very fluid blood, probably from the bursting of some branch of 

 the coronary artery, caused by the extraordinary accumulation of 

 blood in the right ventricle, for the vena cava and right ventricle of 

 the heart were turgid and full of black coagulated blood, though this 

 cow had been dead but 12 or 14 hours ; the lungs were likewise turgid 

 with blood, but little or none was found in the left ventricle or aorta ; 

 the obstruction seemed to have been so great in the lungs that very 

 little blood could pass through them from the right to the left ven- 

 tricle of the heart, and therefore evidently evinces the existence of 

 a cofifirmed peripneumony. All the membranes lining the nostrils, 

 and the spongy bones there, were quite turgid with blood and in the 

 highest state of inflammation." He had not seen in any cows he had 

 examined any cutaneous sores or exiilcerations, nothing like the boils, 

 carbuncles, &c., described by authors as the constant concomitants of 

 the plague in men ; nor does there seem to be any attempt of nature 

 to fling off the distemper by any internal imposthumation or discharge, 

 unless by the running at the nose and by the bilious stools or bilious 

 urine." 



After noticing a few cases of recovery through occasional 

 bleeding, warm mashes of malt and bran, and warm drenches 

 of herbs, such as rosemary, wormwood and ground-ivy, with 

 honey or treacle ; and regretting that his instructions as to 

 treatment, &c., had been so poorly followed by the cow- 

 keepers ; he proceeds with his method of treatment, after 

 reiterating his previously assured opinion. : 



" The state of the disease seems so evidently to be a peri- 



pneumony or inflammation of the lungs, windpipe and nostrils, at- 

 tended with a redundance of gall " 



He next gives the symptoms of a favorable resolution of 

 the distemper, on which so much reliance has been placed ; 

 because of the parallel citation made by Layard in a note 

 to page 54 of his Treatise, from Eammazini (p. 462); "that 

 not one of the cattle recovered but such as had pustules 

 broke out upon the skin :" also quoted by Dr. Murchison 



