143 



BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



cold, a beautiful exemplification of the bene- 

 ficence of an all-wise Creator in providing for 

 the safety, preservation, and welfare of all his 

 creatures, however apparently insignificant : 

 the edges of the leaf meet with such nicety 

 and exactness over the delicate little creature 

 that they seem adherent to each other as 

 though glued together. This interesting ob- 

 bervationwas made byMr."W. H. Tugwell, and 

 published in the " Entomologists 1 Weekly In- 

 telligencer" for 1857. Hubner and others 

 have figured the full-grown caterpillar : it is 

 represented as having a moderate-sized head 

 and cylindrical body, the segments of which 

 are clearly marked and rather tumid ; the 

 colour of both the head and body is dull 

 olive-green sprinkled with black dots ; in the 

 region of the spiracles it has a narrow white 

 side-stripe interrupted with yellow ; it feeds 

 on several leguminous plants besides those 

 which are cultivated, and when full-fed at- 

 taches itself to one of the stems, and turns to 

 a green chrysalis with an ochieous border to 

 the wing-cases, and an ochreous stripe down 

 the side extending to both ends : it is attached 

 by a belt as well as by tlie caudal hooks. 



TIME OP APPEARANCE. The butterfly has 

 sometimes been seen on the wing in the 

 spring months, also occasionally during the 

 last few days in July, and often throughout 

 August, at the end of which month it retires 

 for the winter. Concerning the caterpillar 

 little can be said, few entomologists having 

 seen it in this country, and no one has made 

 observations as to the date of its appearance. 



LOCALITIES. This butterfly is particularly 

 fond of clover and lucerne when in blossom ; 

 it has also a decided partiality for chalky 

 districts, especially near the sea ; hence the 

 maritime counties of Kent and Sussex have 

 been the most productive of specimens. It 

 has never been observed in Ireland, Scotland, 

 or the Isle of Man. The recorded localities 

 in England are as follows : 



Cambridgeshire. Not uncommon in the 

 county Thomas Brown. 



Cumberlamd. Newbeggin Wood ; my 

 father missed one in the large field going into 

 tlie Wood J. B. Hodykinson. 



Derbyshire. One specimen taken at the 

 Via Gallia, near Cromford, by the late John 

 Wolley. I have seen the specimen H. H. 

 Crewe. 



Devonshire. Whitsand Cliffs, Totnes, Ply- 

 mouth racecourse George 0. Biynell ; Tor- 

 quay, Sidmouth, Babington J. J. Reading. 



Dorsetshire. Seen by Mrs. Dale J. 0. 

 Dale. 



Essex. Colchester, but rare W. H. Har- 

 wood ; Epping W. J. Argent; common at 

 Herne Bay in 1868 H. D. Greville; Saffron 

 Walden W. R. Jeffrey. 



Gloucestershire. Has occurred near Glou- 

 cester Joseph Merrin. 



Hampshire. Railway banks and roadside 

 banks near Farlington W. Buckler; near 

 Brockenhurst occasionally F. Bond ; Bram- 

 shott and Liphook C. G. Barrett; Ports- 

 down Henry Moncreajf. 



Herefordshire. One taken by Mr. Walter 

 Hutchinson at Kimbolton, near Leominster, 

 in 1868 Mrs. Hutchinson. 



Kent. Plentiful in clover fields about 

 Dover Castle, and lucerne fields at Folke- 

 stone ; in 1868, one at Tonbridge G. H. 

 Raynor ; Selling, Chilham, Shotterden, Hor- 

 slip, Stockbury H. A. Stowell; Tenterden 

 John Scratton, Jun.; Darent and Birch woods 

 W. Machin ; New Cross E. Newman. 

 Several at Forest Hill in 1857, occasionally 

 at Margate in following years ; at the end of 

 July and beginning of August, 1868, this was 

 the commonest butterfly to be seen at Marsh 

 Bay, Margate, where the specimens were 

 flying by hundreds. It was a lovely sight to 

 see these handsome creatures settled on the 

 flowers, and swaying to and fro in the wind ; 

 the rich gold colour of their under side con- 

 tracting beautifully with the purple flowers 

 of the lucerne ; Hyale was abundant all over 

 the Isle of Thanet ; wherever a little patch ol 

 lucerne was to be seen, Hyale was sure to be 

 there, even close to the houses : its head-quar- 

 ters, however, were decidedly at Marsh Bay, 

 which lies between Birchington and Margate, 

 about a mile and a half to the west of Mar- 

 gate ; we captured about eight hundred 

 specimens : it would have been easy to have 



