REDHORNS. 



taken thousands H. Ramsay Cox, " Ento- 

 mologist," vol. iv., p. 179; it appears periodi- 

 cally in all the open country between Canter- 

 bury and the sea W. Oxenden Hammond. 



Norfolk. Norwich C. G. Barrett; Alde- 

 by in 1868^. Fenwick Hele. 



Suffolk. Beccles, Ringsfield W. M. Crow- 

 foot. 



Surrey. In 1835 it was common at New 

 Cross by the " Five Bells," and on the spot 

 where some of the buildings of the railway 

 station now stand ; more than a hundred 

 specimens were taken in that immediate 

 neighbourhood by myself and others E. 

 Newman; Hasleinere in 1868 C. G. Barrett. 



Sussex. Prinstead, railway bank William 

 Buckler; near Chichester W. H, Draper; 

 one at Bognor Roland Trimen. 



Warwickshire. A single specimen was 

 taken near Edgbaston Reservoir in 1868 

 Frederick Enock. 



Wight, Isle of. Ventnor and Newport 

 Alfred Owen; rare J. Pristo. 



Oba. The fitful and most capricious appear- 

 ance of this lovely butterfly in England has led 

 to many predictions and hypotheses respecting 

 the periodicity of its visits ; but all attempts 

 to systematize these visits have proved futile. 

 At page 236 of his " Entomologists' Uuseful 

 Compendium," Mr. Samouelle says, " It occurs 

 in England once in three years, some seasons 

 only locally, at others in the greatest profusion 

 iu every part of the country. Mr. Desvignes 

 subsequently suggests, at page 388 of the first 

 volume of the " Entomologist," that it has a 

 periodicity of seven years. It certainly ap- 

 peared in profusion on the south-eastern corner 

 of our island in 1821 and 1828, but in neither 

 year do precise records appear to have been 

 kept ; and I obtained this information subse- 

 quently to its multitudinous appearance in 

 1835, and in consequence of Mr. T. Desvigues' 

 prediction that it would abound in a similar 

 manner in 1842. This excellent naturalist 

 wrote to the following effect : " You very 

 well know that, ever since I took Hyale near 

 Brighton in 1835,1 have foretold that it would 

 appear in 1842. I made this conclusion from 

 seeing a few specimens with a Brighton col- 



lector when I was down there, and asking 

 him how he came to know they would be out 

 that year ; he told me he took them seven 

 years previously (namely, in 1828), and from 

 this I concluded they would be found again in 

 seven years from that time (namely, in 1842)." 

 This prediction, and the facts on which it was 

 based, induced me to look back wards "through 

 the dim vista of departed years," and I found 

 some support to this septennial hypothesis in 

 the facts ascertained. When, therefore, the 

 insect visited us in such abundance in 1842, 

 it really seemed as though we had acquired 

 the knowledge of a law of Nature previously 

 hidden from us. Alas ! however, for our 

 speculation, the theory broke down utterly in 

 1849, for only about twenty specimens were 

 that year recorded in the "Zoologist," a 

 journal which had then taken the place of the 

 " Eutomologist," which was discontinued for 

 a time. In 1856 there are a few records, 

 both in the " Zoologist " and the " Entomolo- 

 gists' Weekly Intelligencer," which had then 

 commenced its useful career. In 1863 scarcely 

 any notes of the appearance of Hyale were 

 preserved, and in 1870 it has scarcely con- 

 descended to make itself known as a British 

 insect; but, unfortunately for human calcula- 

 tions, it absolutely swarmed, as we have seen, 

 in 1868, when its advent was not predicted. 



60. Clouded Yellow (CoZias Edusa). Male. 



50. CLOUDED YELLOW. The antennae are 

 short, straight, and decidedly club-shaped ; 

 their colour is red, the club being rather 

 darker, and the tip paler. The fore wings 

 are rather arched near the base, very straight 

 in the middle of the costal margin, and blunt 

 at the tip. Their colour is brilliant saflruu- 

 jeliow, with * broad black hind-mar^i' *) 



