UBSINES. 



29 



pale yellow. We are totally unacquainted 

 with the caterpillar of this species, and doubt 

 whether it has been seen in this country ; but 

 it has been described by Ochsenhiemer as 

 being black with short hairs, and as having 

 a stripe on each side of the back, composed 

 of yellow, white, and red spots, and a narrow 

 reddish line above the feet : it feeds on the 

 lichens of blackthorn and firs. The Moth 

 appears in July. (The scientific name is 

 Lithosia complana.) 



61. The Dingy Footman {Lithosia griseola). 



61. THE DINGY FOOTMAN. Fore wings 

 smoke-coloured with a pearly gloss, the costal 

 margin yellow hind wings pearly grey. The 

 Moth appears soon after Midsummer, and is 

 very common. (The scientific name is Lithosia 

 griseola. 



62. The Pale Footman {Lithosia stramineola). 

 62. THE PALE FOOTMAN. Fore wings pale 

 dull yellow ; hind wings still paler, having a 

 bleached appearance. This is in al probability 

 a pale variety of the preceding ; it occurs at 

 the same time, in the same localities, and there 

 is not the slightest difference in shape or size ; 

 but the colour is very different, and this 

 has induced Mr. Doubleday to consider it a 

 new species. (The scientific name is Lithosia 

 stramineola.') 



63. The Four-spotted Footman (Male)(LzVAoa<?w<7r<(). 



63. THE FOUR SPOTTED FOOTMAN. Fore 



wings of the male delicate pearly grey in the 

 middle, bright yellow at the base, smoke- 

 coloured at the hind margin, and having a 

 short black stripe at the base of the costal 

 margin ; hind wings dingy yellow, smoke- 

 coloured towards the tip. Fore wings of the 

 female orange-coloured, with two conspicuous 

 black spots on each ; one on the costal margin, 

 the other between this and the inner margin ; 

 hind wings yellow, unspotted. The caterpillar 

 is nearly an inch and a half long, very hairy, 



The Four-spotted Footman (Female), 

 of a grey colotir, with yellow and black stripes ; 

 the stripes being bordered with red warts, 

 from which spring the hairs. It is said by 

 Berge to feed on fir, beech, oak, pear, apple, 

 cherry, damson, roses, horse-chestnut, willow, 

 lime, and various hedgerow plants ; but may 

 we not rather imagine that it is the lichens 

 and not the foliage of the trees which it 

 devours ? It spins a thin white cocoon, either 

 in crevices of the bark or between two leaves, 

 and in this it changes to a shining black 

 brown chrysalis, in which state it remains for 

 eleven or twelve days only. The Moth 

 appears in July and August, and frequently 

 hybernates, laying its eggs in the spring. 

 (The scientific name is Lithosia quadra.} 



64. The Red-necked Footman (Litkosia rubricollii). 



64. THE RED-NECKED FOOTMAN. All the 

 wings black ; head black, witha red neck ; 

 body black, with a yellow tip. The caterpillar 

 is hairy and grey, with black stripes, in which 

 are red and white spots : it feeds on a variety 

 of lichens. The Moth, singular from its 

 black colour, appears in August. (The 

 scientific name is Litkosia rubricollis.) 



