GEOMETERS. 



183 



hind wings are precisely the same colour as 

 the fore wings, and have a slender crescentic 

 discoidal spot, but no distinct transverse lines, 

 except the slender interrupted marginal line, 

 which is common to all four wings ; the head, 

 thorax, and body are gray, and scarcely at 

 all spotted. 



The CATERPILLAR is thus described by Mr. 

 Crewe, under the name Eupitheda distinc- 

 tata : "Rather long and slender, tapering con- 

 siderably towards the head ; the ground colour 

 is dark green; the central dorsal line broad, 

 and purplish red ; the spiracular line indis- 

 tinct greenish yellow ; the skin is wrinkled, 

 and the back studded with numerous very 

 short stiff bristly hairs ; down the centre of 

 the belly is a whitish line ; the ventral seg- 

 mental divisions are yellowish." It feeds 

 on the flowers of the wild thyme (Tliymus 

 serpyllum). The CHRYSALIS is yellowish green 

 and olive, and changes on the ground in a 

 slight earthen cocoon. 



The MOTH appears on the wing in July and 

 August. It has been taken in Scotland, and 

 is common and generally distributed iu Ire- 

 land. (The scientific name is Eupitheda con- 

 gtrictata.) 



284. THE CAMPANULAPUG. Thefore wings 

 are pale dingy brown, with a clearly defined, 

 oblong, discoidal spot, and scarcely any other 

 distinct markings ; there are a few very in- 

 distinct dark marks between the costal and 

 sub-costal rays, and a few dark dots here and 

 there on the wing-rays, the wing-rays them- 

 selves being evidently darker towards the hind 

 margin, and this dark portion being intersected 

 by a slender white zigzag line, which in some 

 specimens terminates in a small white spot at 

 the anal angle of the wing ; on the hind 

 margin, just within the fringe, is a slender 

 interrupted dark line ; the fringe itself is 

 dingy brown, interrupted by a few wedge- 

 shaped white spots, very feebly marked ; the 

 hind wings are slightly paler, with a small 

 discoidal spot, a few dark spots on the wing- 

 rays, and a slender interrupted marginal line ; 

 the head, thorax, and body are of the same 

 colour as the fore wings, and indistinctly 

 dotte' 1 ^*h darker brown. 



Mr. Crewe thus describes the CATERPILLAR : 

 "Rather short and stumpy ; the ground colour 

 light ochreous brown ; the central dorsal line 

 very deep brown or black, intersecting and 

 uniting a chain of very strongly-defined black 

 or deep brown lozenge-shaped spots, placed in 

 the centre of each segment ; sub-dorsal lines 

 very slender and faint, blackish or deep brown ; 

 head, dingy brown or black ; spiracular and 

 central ventral lines, dingy black or brown ; 

 central dorsal spots becoming confluent, and 

 merged in the central line on the anterior and 

 posterior segments ; both spots and ground 

 colour varying considerably in intensity of 

 colouring. The skin is rough and wrinkled, 

 and sprinkled with a few whitish hairs. It 

 feeds upon the unripe seeds and seed-capsules 

 of the nettle-leaved campanula (Campanula 

 trachelium). Until nearly full-grown it lives 

 either in the dry corolla-tube, or just at the 

 crown of the capsule. In confinement it will 

 feed upon the garden species of campanula. 

 It is full-fed at the end of August and begin- 

 ning of September. The CHRYSALIS is enclosed 

 in a slight earthen cocoon; its thorax and 

 wing-cases are golden yellow ; its body red- 

 dish ; the abdominal divisions and tips are 

 red." 



The MOTH appears on the wing in July. 

 The caterpillar has been found by Mr. Crewe, 

 who says : " A few weeks since, whilst 

 walking in a beech- wood near Tring, I found 

 a number of caterpillars of some species of 

 Eupitheda unknown to me, feeding on the 

 seed-capsules of Campanula trachelium." Mr. 

 Crewe sent them to Dr. Breyer, who at once 

 pronounced them to be the species described 

 above. (The scientific name is Eupitheda 

 campanulata.) 



Obs. Mr. Doubleday seems to have no 

 doubt that this species is the Denotata of 

 Hubner ; but as this problem can scarcely be 

 solved now, it seems desirable to continue 

 Herrich-Scha3ffer's very appropriate name of 

 Campanulata, as there can be no doubt as 

 to the species intended by that eminent 

 lepidopterist. 



285. THE NARROW-WINGED PUG. The fore 

 wings are rather elongated, rather narrowband 



