CHAFFINCH. INSESSORES. FR IN 6 ILL A, 303 



that of the typical forms of the next subfamily (Coccothraus- 

 tina). Their habits are also less arboreal ; and most of 

 them obtain their food (consisting of the scattered seeds of 

 grasses and cruciform plants) upon the ground, where they 

 move by hopping with great facility. The males of many 

 species undergo a change, or rather variation of plumage, in 

 the spring, produced by shedding the extreme tips of the 

 feathers, and acquiring after that process an additional 

 brightness and intensity of colour. 



CHAFFINCH. 



FRINGILLA CCELEBS, Linn. 

 PLATE LIV. FIGS. 6. ^. 



Fringilla ccelebs, Linn. Syst. 1. p. 318 Gmel Syst. 1. p.OOl.sp. 5 Lath. 



Ind. Ornith. v. 1. p. 437- 12. Rail Syn. p. 88. 16. A Will. p. 186. t. 45. 



f. 4 Briss. 3. p. 184. 36. 



Le Pinson, Buff. Ois. v. 4. p. 109. t. 4 Id. PL EnL 54. 1. the male. 



Gros-Bec Pinson, Temm. Man. d'Ornith. v. 1. p. 357. 



Gemeine Fink, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. v. 3. p. 75 Meyer, Tasschenb. 



Deut. v. 1. p. 150 Id. Vog. Deut. v. 1. f. 1. and 2. male and female in 



spring plumage. Frisch. t. 1. 1. 

 Scheld Fink, Sepp. Nederl. Vog. p. 141. 

 Chaffinch, Br. ZooL 1. No. 125 Arct. Zool. 2. p. 381. F Will. (Angl) 



p. 253. 45 Albin. 1. t. 63 Lath. Syn. 3. p. 259. 10 Id. Supp. p. 165. 



Lewin's Br. Birds, 2. t. 79 Wale. Syn. t. 217 Pult. Cat. Dorset, 



p. 12 Mont. Ornith. Diet. v. 1 Bewick's Br. Birds, p. 160. Low's 



Faun. Oread, p. 12 Shaw's Zool. 9. p. 442. 65. fig. 1. 



PROVINCIAL Spink, Beechfmch, Pink, Twink, Skelly, Shell-Apple, 

 Horsefinch, Scobby. 



THIS lively bird is very common in all the open and cul- 

 tivated parts of the kingdom, and is well known for its early 

 song, which, although short, and consisting only of three or 

 four notes, is grateful to the ear, from associations connected 

 with the period at which it usually commences. All the 

 British ornithologists describe this species as permanently re- 

 sident with us, and nowhere subject to that separation of the 

 sexes, and the consequent equatorial movement of the fe- 



