138 GRALLATORES. TRINGA. KNOT. 



By the Knot, which stands at one extremity of the group, 

 the Tringas are allied to the genus Machetes, the bill of that 

 bird being nearly straight, and resembling that of the Ruff. 

 It also leads the way to the Plialaropes, the membrane which 

 borders its toes being more dilated than in most of the other 

 species. The direct passage to these last mentioned birds is 

 probably better effected by the intervention of the Tringa 

 semipalmata of WILSON'S North American Ornithology, in 

 which, and in the Tringa himantopus of the Prince of Mu- 

 si gnano, the toes are connected by a considerable membrane 

 or web. These have been separated by that eminent natu- 

 ralist from the genus Tringa, under the generic title of 

 Hemipalama, and, by peculiar modifications of form in which 

 birds, a union is effected with the genus Numenius, with 

 which the present family commences. From the Knot to 

 the Tringa subarquata (Pigmy Curlew), in which the bill 

 appears to attain its utmost degree of curvature and length, 

 the passage (by means of the Tringa maritima, Tringa va- 

 riabilis, and other species) is easy and gradual. 



KNOT. . 

 TRINGA CANUTUS, Linn. 

 PLATE XXVII. FIGS. 1, 2. & 3. 



Tringa canutus, Flem. Br. Anim. 1. 109. sp. 156. 



Tringa cinerea, Temm. Man. d'Ornith. 2. 627. Saline, Linn. Trans. 



v. 12. 533. 



Becasseau Canut, Temm. ut supra. 

 Calidris Islandica, Steph. Shaw's Zool. 12. 90. pL 14. 

 / Tringa Islandica, Linn. Syst. 1 Addend. Gmelin's Syst. 1. 682. Lath. 

 Summer lad. Orn. 2. 737- sp. 39. 



Plumage ; Tringa rufa, Wils. Amer. Orn. 7- 43. pi. 57- 5. 

 of both ^ Aberdeen Sandpiper, Penn. Br. Zoology, 2. No. 203. 

 sexes I Red Sandpiper, Lath. Syn. 5. 186. 34 Lewirfs Br. Birds, 5. t. 177 



V Mont. Ornith. Diet. 2. 



