GADWALL. NATATORES. CHAULIODUS. 301 



finity to the Shovellers, in the length and delicacy of the la- 

 minse of the upper mandible ; which, in the European 

 species, project upwards the tenth of an inch beyond the 

 margin. They are also removed in their habits from the 

 other members of this subfamily, being (if I may so use the 

 term) more decidedly aquatic. They excel in diving, and 

 have recourse to it, not only when wounded (as some of the 

 others do), but as the means of escape whenever disturbed ; 

 seldom taking wing for that purpose, although in rapidity of 

 flight they surpass most of the Ducks. In addition to the 

 species known in Europe, another has been found in Africa, 

 which Mr SWATNSON has named Chaul. Capensis ; and in 

 this new one the middle tail-feathers are rather elongated, 

 shewing a nearer approach to the Teals and Widgeons. 



COMMON GADWALL. 



CHAULIODUS STREPERA, Swainson. 



PLATE LI. & LI . FIG. 1. 



Chauliodus Strepera, Swainson, in Journ. Royal Inst. 2. 19. 



Anas Strepera, Linn, Syst. 1. 200. 20 Gmel Syst. 1. 520 Briss. Orn, 



6. 339. 8. t. 33. f. 1 Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 859. sp. 69 Wils. Amer. Orn. 



8. 130. pi. 71. f. 1. Male Shaw's ZooL 12. 103 Fk'm. Br. Anim. 1. 



124. sp. 188. 



Anas Platyrynchos rostro nigro, Ray, 145 Will. 287. 

 Le Chipeau ou Ridenne, Buff. Ois. 9. 187. t. 12. fern. Id. PL EnL 958. 



Male. 



Canard Chipeau ou Ridenne, Temm. Man. d'Ornith. 2. 837. 

 Schwatterente, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. 4. 1096 Meyer, Tasschenb. Deut. 



2. 533. 

 Gadwall or Grey, Penn. Br. Zool. 2. 603. No. 288 Arct. ZooL 2. 575. I. 



Will. (Angl.) 374. t. 72 Lath. Syn. 6. 515. 61 Lath, in Trans. Lin. 



Soc. 4. 111. pi. 13. f. 7. and 8. (Trachea) Lewirfs Br. Birds, 7- pL 



258 Mont. Orn. Diet. 1 Bewick's Br. Birds, ed. 1826, p. t. 348 



Shaw's Zool. 12. 103 Flem. Br. Anim. 1. 124. sp. 188 Wils. Amer. 



Orn. 8. 130. pL 71. 1. 



THE Gadwall is rather a rare visitant with us, and is sel- Rare visi- 

 dom seen, except about the period of its vernal migration, 



