366 NATATORES. CLANGULA. 



In the summer the greater part of the head and neck, and 

 the whole of the upper and under plumage, as far as the 

 abdomen, are brownish-black. The scapulars are black- 

 ish-brown, bordered with orange-coloured brown. Cheeks 

 ash-grey. Abdomen and vent white. 



Fig. 2. The Female. 



Female. Crown of the head, patch behind the ears, chin, and throat, 

 blackish (inclining to broccoli-)brown. Face, neck, and 

 collar, greyish-white. Breast pale liver-brown, with the 

 centers of the feathers darker. Upper parts blackish- 

 brown, with the scapulars and wing-coverts margined 

 with yellowish-brown and greyish-white. Tail broccoli- 

 brown, margined with white. Lower parts white. Bill 

 grey, with an indistinct yellow band. Legs and toes 

 grey, with the membranes darker. 



GENUS CLANGULA, FLEM. GARROT. 



GENERIC CHARACTERS. 



BILL shorter than the head, elevated at the base, tapering 

 towards the point ; nail of mean size, and scarcely projecting 

 beyond the edge of the mandible. Both mandibles laminato- 

 dentate, with the laminae tooth-like and widely set, and con- 

 cealed by the projecting margins of the bill. 



Nostrils lateral, oval, pierced in the anterior and lower part 

 of the membrane. Head large and high. 



Wings of mean length, acute. Tail rather long, gra- 

 duated, with the feathers semi-acute. Legs short. Toes 

 long, webbed, the middle and outer ones nearly equal in 

 length. Hind toe lobated. 



In this genus an evident approach to the succeeding sub- 

 family Mergina, is perceptible, not only in the tapering, and 



