GULL. NATATORES. LARUS. 507 



broccoli-brown ; the chin almost immaculate, and of a 

 purer white. Upper plumage a mixture of grey, clove- 

 brown, and pale wood-brown. Quills uniform greyish- 

 Uack. Tail having its base marbled with white and 

 clove-brown, the remainder plain clove-brown, with the 

 exception of the extreme tip, which is white. Legs and 

 toes pale flesh-red. 



After the second general moult the markings are the same. Second 

 but paler ; and the basal part of the tail whiter. 



At the succeeding moult, the pale grey or mature feathers Third 

 begin to shew themselves upon the mantle, and the tail 

 feathers nearly lose the black bar. The bill and irides 

 also gradually change colour to those of the adult bird. 

 During the first and second years it is very difficult to 

 distinguish this and the young of the Lesser Black- 

 backed species from each other. 



GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL. 



LARUS MARINUS, Linn. 

 PLATE XCVII. 



Larus marinus, Linn. Syst. 1. 225. 6 Gmel. Syst. 1. 598, Brunn. No. 



145. Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 843. sp. 5.Flem. Br. Anim. 1. 140. No. 225. 



Steph. Shaw's Zool. 13. 186. 

 Larus niger, Briss. 6. 158. 1. 



Larus maximus ex albo et nigro varius, Raii Syn. 127. A. 1. Will. 261. 

 Le Goeland noir Manteau, Buff. Ois. 8. 405. t. 31 Id. PL Enl. 990 



Temm. Man. d'Ornith. 2. 760. 

 Mantel Meve, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. 4. 653. Meyer, Tasschenb. Deut. 



2. 465. 



Great Black and White Gull, Will. (Angl.) 334. t. 67 Alton's Birds, 



3. t. 94. Low's Faun. Oread. 116. 



Black-backed Gull, Penn. Br. Zool. 2. 528. No. 242 Arct. Zool. 2. 



No. 451 Lath. Syn. 6. 371. 2. Lewin's Br. Birds, 6. pi. 208. 

 Bewick's Br. Birds, ed. 1826. p. t. 201 Flem. Br. Anim. 1. 140. No. 225. 



Great Black-backed Gull, Mont. Orn. Diet, and Sup Shaw's Zool. 13. 

 186. 



Cobb, Rennie's Mont. Ornith. Diet. 92. 



Larus nsevius, Gmel. Syst. 1. 598. 



Larus marinus junior, var. y. Lath. Ind. Orn. 2. 314. \- Young. 



Le Goeland varie'e ou Grissard, Buff Ois, 8. 413. t. 31 Id. PI, Enl. 266. 



