ALISMACEAE (WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY) 83 



leaves being broad (var. elliptic a Engelm.), or rigid, narrowly lanceolate and 

 acute, unappendaged at the base, and with stout petioles (var. rigida (Pursh) 

 Engelm.), or nearly linear (var. angustifolia Engehn.). Fig. o8. 



U. S. graminea Michx. Scape 0.8-5 dm. high ; phyllodia Jlat, mostly 

 hroad,-linear^ acuminate; leaves ovate-lanceolate to linear, on long slender 

 petioles, sometimes reduced to the petiole merely ; bracts rather 

 obtuse ; whorls of flowers often few, all staminate or the lower ^ 



fertile ; pedicels slender, spreading^ nearly equal ; flowers white ^ 



or roseate; filaments 10-13 "-20," glandular-pubescent; achene 

 small (1 mm. long), narrowly obovate, almost beakless, loinged 39. s. graminea. 

 on the back, flat and scarcely costate on the sides. (>S'. Eatoni c ene x . 

 J. G. Sm.) — Nfd. to Ont., s. to the Gulf ; very variable. Fig. 89. S. cristXta 

 Engelm. is apparently a form of this species with achenes somewhat wing- 

 crested. 



10. S. teres Wats. Phyllodia terete, very acutely attenuate upward, 9-34 cm. 

 long, very rarely bearing a narrow blade ; scape 1-5 dm. high ; bracts connate 

 at base ; pedicels in 1-3 whorls, all very slender and spreading, 1 or 

 2 fruiting, 1-3 cm. long ; filaments 12, dilated, pubescent ; achene 

 obovate, 2-2.4 mm. long, icith an erect beak, the margins and sides 

 crenately several-crested. (S. isoetiforrnis J. G. Sm.) — In shallow 

 water, Cape Cod. Mass., and L. I. to Fla. — Phyllodia usually verv 

 40 ». teres, strongly nodose. ' Fig. 40. 



11. S. subulata (L.) Buchenau. Usually dwarf; leaves linear, 

 strap-shaped, obtuse or acutish, 3-20 cm. long, equaling or shorter than the scape, 

 very rarely with a narrow blade ; pedicels in 1-3 whorls, only 1 or 2 fruiting, 

 stouter and recurved; bracts connate or spathe-like ; filaments 6-8, glabrous; 

 achene obovate, short-beaked. 2 mm. long, the margins and sides crenately 

 crested. (S. natans, va.r. lorata Chapm. ; S. pusill a 'Sntt.) — In mud or shal- 

 low water, near the coast ; Ct. to Fla. — In the South often becoming more 

 robust. 



Var. (?) gracillima (Wats.) J. G. Sm. Scape and the almost or wholly 

 bladeless haves very slender and greatly elongated (6-12 dm. long, 2 mm. wide); 

 pedicels all elongated, in usually distant whorls, the lower pistillate, slender and 

 spreading ; fruit unknown. (^S. natans, var. Wats.) — In deep water of streams 

 in e. Mass. (Hitchings. Boott, C. E. Faxon, etc.), R. I. {J. F. Collins), and Ct. 

 {Bissell). — AVholly submerged, OTi\y 1 or 2 flowers appearing at a time, floating 

 on the surface. The fruit has not yet been collected. 



12. S. platyphylla (Engelm.) J. G. Sm. Scape 2-5 dm. high ; 

 leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, rarely biaurictilate 

 at the base, 9-11-nerved ; fertile whorls usually 2 ; fertile pedi- 

 cels about 2 cm. long, soon recurved ; stamens about 20, the broad 

 base of the filament pubescent. (S. graminea, var. Engelm.) — 41. s. platyphylla. 

 River sloughs, s. Mo. and Kan. to Tex. Fig. 41. Achene x3. 



2. LOPHOTOCARPUS Th. Durand 



Sepals strongly concave, erect and appressed to the fruit. — Perennials with 

 habit and carpels much as in Sagittaria. (Name from X60os. a crest, and Kapiros, 

 fruit, not very applicable.) Lophiocarpcs (Kunth) Miquel, not Turcz. 



* Chiefly maritime ; leaves mostly thick spongy phyllodia, the blades u'hen 

 present small, lance-oblong, entire, or ovate and sagittate, the auricles 

 relatively small, linear-oblong, divergent. 



1. L. spongibsus (Engelm.) J. G. Sm. Low (1-3 dm. high) ; leaf-blades 

 0.5-2.5 cm. broad; the thick spongy petioles septate-nodulose ; scapes 4-15 cm. 

 high, recurved, bearing mostly 2 whorls of flowers ; head of carpels 7-10 mm. 

 in diameter. (L. spatulatus J. G. Sm.; Sagittaria rahjcina, var. Engelm.) 

 — On tidal mud of brackish estuaries, etc., N. H. {Foivler) to Del. ; rarely 

 inland, Mo. (L. depauperatus J. G. Sm., at least in part). 



