178 



CYPEKACEAE (tiEDGE FAMILY) 



224. C. lancastriensis. 



short-cylindric or obovoid close heads, soon reflexed, 0.8- 

 1.5 cm, long, of 3-6 narrow scales, the upper and lower 

 empty, nearly twice the length of the linear-oblong 

 acheue. — Rich soil, N. J. and Pa. to Ga. Fig. 224. 



25. C. hystricinus 

 Fernald. Slender ; the 

 smooth rigid culm 2-5 

 dm. high, much exceed- 

 ing the stiff narrow (2-5 

 mm. broad) smooth 

 leaves; umbel of 3-10 

 simple smooth rays, 

 mostly shorter than the 

 involucre ; spikelets 1-2- 



flo.rered, subulate, rigid, 225. C. hvstrici.ms. 



3-7 mm. long, densely 

 crowded in cylindric or narrowly obovoid heads (1-2.5 cm, long), strongly 

 reflexed, golden-brown at maturity; scales closely appressed, the fertile strongly 

 nerved, the terminal involute-subulate; achene linear, 2-2.5 r?im. lojig. — Dry 

 sand, N. J. to Ga. Fig. 225. 



26. C. dipsaciformis Fernald. Culm scabrous, at least above, 2.5-8 dm. 

 high ; leaves shorter than the culm, scabrous-hispid, above, 4-9 mm. wide ; umbel 



4-12-rayed, some of the smooth rays equaling the involucre ; 

 spikelets 1-3-liowered, subulate, rigid, 6-11 mm. long, crowded 

 in cylindric or subcylindric heads, (1,5-4 cm. long), strongly 

 deflexed, yellow-brown at maturity ; fertile 

 scales with green midribs ; achene 3 T^im. 

 long. — Sandy barrens and dry woods, N, J. 

 to Ky. and Ga. Fig. 226. 



27. C. retrofractus (L.) Torr, Culm 

 (0.3-1 m. high) minutely downy and rough 

 on the obtusish angles; leaves hairy, short 

 and stiff, 0,4-1 cm, wide, the margins becom- 

 ing revolute ; umbel icith 4-12 upright usu- 

 ally scabrous rays mostl.y longer than the 

 \ *SJfftt«. involucre; spikelets slender-avjl-shaped, very numerous in 



1 ^^ turbinate-iibovoid greenish or drab heads (1-2.5 cm. long), 



I ji.'^tu ^S^ soon strongly reflexed, 1-2-floicered in the 

 middle (5-8 mm. long) ; scales usually 4 

 or 5, the two lowest ovate and empty, the 

 fertile lanceolate and pointed, the upper- 

 most involute-awl-shaped ; achene linear, 

 2.5-3 mm, long. — Sandy or rocky soil, 

 N. J. to Fla. and Tex, ; northw. in the low 

 country to Mo. Fig. 227. 



28. C. ovularis (:Michx.) Torr. Culm 



smooth, sharply triangular (2.5-7 dm. high) ; um- 

 bel 1-6-rayed ; spikelets (50-100) in a globular 

 head, S-flowered, oblong, blunt (8-5 mm. long); 

 scales ovate, obtuse, a little longer than the linear- 

 oblong achene, — Sandy dry soil, s. N. Y. to 111., 

 Kan., and south w. ; rarely on ballast, Mass. Fig. 

 228. Var. rohustus Boeckl. is a form with large 

 hf^ads, the spikelets 3-4-flowered (7-10 mm. long). 

 — Ill, to Ark., and south w. 



20. C. cylindricus (KH.) Britton, Similar to 

 the last, but the heads short-cylindrical ; spikeleta 

 ■usually 2-flowered. (C. Torrey i Biitton.) — L. I. 

 to Fla., w. to 'lex. Fig 220. 



30. C. echinatus (KU.) Wood, Culm smooth 



2-26. C. dipsaciformis. 



227. C, retrofractus. 



I 



2"J8. C, ovularis. 



229. C. cylindricus. 



280. C echinatus. 



