190 



CYPEKACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



378. S. plauifolius. 



2T9. S. caespitosus. 

 Culms slender, 



280. S. hudsonianus. 



"7 

 I . 



as long as the culm, and like it rough-edged ; outer scale 

 usually overtopping tlie ovoid or subcylindric straw-colored 

 or brownish spikelet ; bristles mostly about as long as the 

 acliene. — Dry open woods, Mass. and Vt. to Del., Fa., and 

 Mo. May, June. Fig. 278. 

 5. S. caespit5sus L. Culms terete, wiry, 1-5 dm. higli, densely sheathed 

 at base, in compact turfy tufts ; the upper sheath bearing a very shoi't awl- 

 shaped leaf; spikelet ovoid, rust-color ; outer rigid-pointed 

 scale scarcely surpassing the spikelet ; bristles smooth, longer 

 than the abruptly short-pointed achene. — Mts., cold shores 

 and swamps, Lab. to Alaska, s. to N. S., n. X. E., N. Y., 111., 



Minn., etc. ; and on the summits of the s. 

 Alleghenies. (Eurasia.) Fig. 279. 



6. S. hudsonianus (Michx.) Fernald. 

 many in a row from a running footstock (1.5-4 dm. high), 

 scabrous, naked ; sheaths at the base awl-tipped ; scales 

 brownish, oblong-lanceolate ; bristles white, crisped, many 

 times exceeding the narrowly obovoid apiculate achene. 

 {Eriophorum alpinum L., not S. aJpinus Schleich.) — Cold 

 bogs and wet shores. Nfd. to Hudson Bay and B. C, s. 

 to Ct., N. Y., Mich., and Minn. May-Aug. (Eu.) Fig. 

 280. 

 S. subterminalis Torr. Aquatic, rarely emersed ; 

 rootstock slender; culms (O.o-l m. long, thickish-filiform) 

 partly and the shorter filiform leaves wholly submersed, 

 cellular ; the filiform green bract 1-5 cm. long, surpassing 

 the subcylindric to ovoid spikelet (6-13 mm. long) ; scales 

 green or straw-color, somewhat pointed ; bristles bearded 

 doionvjard, rather shorter than the abruptly pointed achene. 

 — Slow streams and ponds, Nfd. to B. C, s. to X. J., Pa., 2S1. 9. subterminalis. 

 Mich., n. Ind., etc. Fig. 281. 



8. S. rufus (Huds.) Schrad. Freely stoloniferous ; culms 

 smootll, subterete, compressed, 1-6 cm. high, taller than the sub- 

 terete channeled callous-tipped firm mostly basal leaves ; spike 

 distichous, 1-2 cm. long, consisting of closely crowded '2-o-Jlowered 

 spikelets ; involucre 1-5 cm. long, sometimes wanting; scales 

 castaneous, conduplicate, pointed ; bristles 0, or 8-6, upwardly 

 barbellatG, much shorter than the plano-convex ellipsoid long-beaked 

 282. s. rufus. achene (4.5-5.5 mm. long) . — Brackish marshes, e. X. B. 

 and Que. July, Aug. (Eurasia.) Fig. 282. 



9. S. Hallii Gray. Culms slender, terete, 1-4 dm. high ; upper 

 sheath rarely distinctly leaf-bearing ; spikelets 1-7 in a sessile or 

 sometimes geminately proliferous cluster, ovoid becoming cylindri- 

 cal, acute, greeni.sh (0.5-1.5 cm. long); scales ovate, strongly keeled, 

 cuspidate-acuminate ; stamens 2 or 3 ; style 2-cleft ; bristles 

 none ; achene obovate-orbicular, mucronate, plano-convex, strongly 

 wrinkled transversely. (S. supinus, var. Gray.) — \Vet shores. 111. 

 to Fla. and Tex.; also Winter Pond, Winchester, Mass. Aug., 

 Sept. Fig. 283. 



10. S. debilis Pursh. Culms obtusely triangular, with somewhat hollowed 

 sides, 1-6 dm, high, yellowish-green, shining ; spikelets 1-12, 

 capitate, ovoid, obtuse (<).">-l cm. long); involucral leaf often 

 horizontal at maturity ; scales roundish, with tawny margins ; 

 stamens 3 ; style 2-3-cleft ; bristles 6, stout, downwardly barbed, 

 equaling or two surpassing the broadly obovoid turgid abruptly 

 mucronate-pointed achene. — Sandy or muddy shores, Me. to 

 Minn., and southw. Aug., Sept. Fig. 284. Var. WilliAmsti 

 Fernald. lirist.les wanting. — Massapoag L., Sharon, Mass. 



11. S. Smithii Gray. Culms terete, slender, 0.5^4 dm. high, 

 284. s. debilis. often leaf-bearing from the upjjer sheath, dull green as are th" 



Ilallii. 



