CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



193 



295. S. camp., v. palud. 



Passing to Var. 



rays ; scales nil pubescent, the awns soon recurved and many times exceeding 

 the cleft tip ; achene broadly to narrowly obovoid, compressed, flat on one side, 

 convex or obtuse-angled on the other, short-pointed, shining ; tlie l)ristle.s unequal 

 and deciduous or obsolete. {S. maritimus, in part. Am. authors.; — Bracki.sh 

 or salt marshes, Mass. to Fla. and Tex. July-8ept. Fig. 2U4. 



22. S. campestris Britton. Culms 0.;>-l m. high, usually exceeding the stiff 

 pale leaves (3-9 mm. broad); involucral leaves 2 (or 3), the longer 1-2 dm. long ; 

 spikelets ichitish-brown. ovoid to cylindric, 1-2 cm. long. 0-10 mm. thick, 2- 

 11 in a dense glomerule. occasionally a few in a secondary glomerule ; scales 

 puberulent, or the outermost glabrous except at tip, 

 the slightly curved awn twice or thrice exceeding the 

 cleft tip. (S. maritinuis, in part, of authors.) — 

 Prairies, etc., Man. and Minn., westw. and southw. 

 Var. palud6sus (A. Nelson) Fernald. Similar, but 

 with the scales drab to castaneous. {S. jmludosus 

 A. Nelson.) — Alkaline situations inland, and in salt 

 marshes. Gulf of St. Lawrence to N. J. July-Sept. 

 Fig. 295. Var. xdvAE-AXGLiAE (Britton) Fernald. 

 Usually taller (1-2 m. high); the involucral leaves 

 3 to 5, the longest 2-3.5 dm. long; the looser inflo- 

 rescence with 3 to 9 curved rays (2-10 cm. long) ; 

 spikelets dark brown, cylindnc. 2-5 cm. long. {S. 

 novae-angliae Britton.) — Mass. to s. N. Y. ; also w. N. Y. 

 Ferkaldi (Bicknell) Bartlett. Spikelets short-ovoid, 1-2 cm. long, on mostly 

 elongate rays. (S. Fernaldi Bicknell.) — Me. to Mass. 



23. S. rubrotinctus Fernald. Culm rather stout. 4-9 dm. high; leaves 



broadly linear, the upper equaling or slightly exceed- 

 ing the inflorescence, the sheaths mostly red-tinged at 

 base, the blades smooth. 4-13 mm. broad ; involucral 

 leaves mostly 3, the longest equaling or exceeding the 

 inflorescence ; rays numerous, the 3-5 longest ones 

 0.5-1.5 dm. long, stiff, ascending, subequal, the many 

 shorter ascending and divergent ; spikelets 4—9 mm. 

 long, ovoid to cylindric, in glomerules of from 3 to 

 many ; scales ovate, blunt, or the terminal mucronate, 

 finely suffused with green and black; stamens2. (S. 

 sylvaticus. var. digynus Man. ed. 6, not Boeckl.) — 

 Damp open soil, Nfd. to Assina., s. to Ct., N. Y., 

 Great Lakes, etc. Fr. July, early Aug. Fig. 296. 



Var. coxFERTus Fernald. Glomerules compacted into dense clusters 1.5-4 cm. 

 across. — Nfd. to Me., local. 



24. S. sylvaticus L. Similar; tall and coarse, 0.5-2 m. high ; upper sheaths 

 mostly green, leaf-blades loith scabi'ous margins, 

 1-2 cm. broad ; rays very numerous, mostly ascend- 

 ing but flexiious. the 1-4 longest 0.5-4 dm. long; 

 spikelets 3-5 mm. long, ovoid, in glomerules of 

 from 2-8 ; stamens 3. — By brooks and in wet 

 swamps, s. ]Me. to Fla., and Mich. Fr. Aug. 

 (Eurasia.) Fig. 297. 



Var. Bissellii Fernald. Spikelets cylindric, 6-14 

 mm. long, mostly 5-20 in a glomerule. — Local, 

 Ct. and N. Y. — An anomalous plant, combining 

 characteristics of S. sylvaticus and S. rubrotinctus ; 

 fruiting earlier than the former, later than the 

 Jatter. 



25. S. atr6virens ]\Iuhl. Rather stout, 0.8-1.5 m. 

 high ; leaves pale green, with scabrous margins. 

 7-15 mm. wide, at least the lower nodulose-reticu- 

 late, the ribs 0.25-0.3 mm. apart ; spikelets dull 

 greenish-brown or rufescent, narrowly ovoid to 



gray's manual — 13 



296. S. rubrotinctus. 



29T. S. sylvaticus. 



