CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



227 



402. C. cephaloidea. 



401. C. sparganioides. 



(5-9 mm.) and flat, their sheaths conspicuously clothing the 

 base of the culm; spikes 6-12, the 2 or 3 dipper ones con- 

 tiauons, the remainder entirely separate, very green, short- 

 cylindiic, the lowest often compound, all truncate at top ; 

 perigynium ovate, 3-4 mm. long, rough on the short beak, 

 often ob.scurely nerved on the outer face, considerably longer 

 than the whitish sharp-pointed scale. — Rich woods, N. H, to 

 Ont., Mo., and Va. June, July. Fig. 401, 



48. C. cephaloidea Dewey. Lax, very green, 3-9 dm, 

 high ; leaves broad (5-8 mm,) and thin, 

 shorter than the long soft culm ; head 1,8-3.8 

 cm. long, rather dense ; per igyniicm narrovjty 

 ovate, 3,5-i,5 mm. long, pale green, nerve- 

 less, with long rough beak, spreading. — 

 Rich woods and thickets, local, N, B. to 

 Pa,, Wise, and Ont. ]May-July. Fig. 402. 



49. C. alopecoidea'Tuckerm. Stout but 

 rather soft, 4-9 dm. high ; culm rather sharp, 

 thick and soft in texture ; leaves 4-8 mm. 

 wide, about the length of the culm, very 



green ; head 2-6 cm, long, straw-color or tavjny, occasionally a little compound, 



the spikes many and compactly or somewhat loosely disposed or the lowest 



often separate and all mostly short-cyliiidric ; perigyninm 3-4 



mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. broad, tapering into a rough beak, very 



prominently stipitate, with a few brovvi nerves on the outer 



face, ascending, about equaling or a little exceeding the scale ; 



achene obovate, 1 mm. broad, style not thickened at base. — 



Open swales a,nd low thickets. Me. to Ont. 



and 111. ; local. June, July. Fig. 403. 



50. C. gravida Bailey. Low, the culm 

 thin and sharply angled. 2-5 dm. high ; leaves 

 rather firm, shorter than the culm ; head 2-4 

 cm. long, greenish to pale brown, short-cylindric, the lowest 

 spikes rarely distinct ; spikes globular ; perigyninm 3-4.5 mm, 

 long, 2-3 mm. broad, sessile, plump and souiewhat polished at 

 maturity, prominently spreading ; achene sub- 

 orbicular, 1.5-2 mm. broad, style bulbous- 

 thickened at base. — Ind. and Wise, to Neb., 

 and southw. Fig. 404, Var. laxifolia 

 Bailey. Much larger, 6-12 dm. high ; leaves 

 broader and lax ; head large and dense, 



ovoid or thick-cylindric, scarcely interrupted. — Ky. to S. Dak. 

 and Mo. 



51. C. vulpinoidea Michx. Mostly rather 

 stiff, 0.3-1 m. high ; culm very rough, at least 

 above; leaves 2-5 mm. broad, mostly flat and 

 longer than the culm; head 2-15 cm. long, 

 usually much interrupted or dense or somewhat 

 compound, varying from dull brown to almost 

 green at maturity, commonly provided with 

 many very setaceous short bracts ; spikes very 

 numerous, ascending and densely flowered ; peri- 

 gyninm ovate or lance-ovato, mostly ascending, 

 1.7-3 cm. long ; scales mostly long-awned. — Low places, variable. 

 June-Aug. Fig. 405. 



52. C. setacea Dewey. l^esembling the last ; culms stiff, 

 0.4-1 m. high, much erceeding the rather broad (2-7 nnn.) stiffish 

 leaves; head usually simple, ;>.5-9 cm. long, of approximate or 

 remote spikes ; perigynia lanceolate to lance-ovate, tapering 

 gradually to the serrulate beak, usually dull brown or drab in 



403. C. alopecoidea. 



404. C. gravida. 



40.^. C. vulpinoidi 



406. C. setacea. 



