232 



CYPERACEAE (sEDGE FAMILY) 



slightly if at all staininate at tip ; scales very sharp and spreading, longer than 



the perigynia. (C Haydeni Dewey.) — Me. to Ky., Ont., and la. 



72. C. aiirea Nutt. Loyv and slender, 0.5-5 dm. high; leaves pale green, 



narrow (1-3 mm. wide); 2 or 3 of the bracts exceeding the culm ; spikes 3-5, 

 all but the lowest usually approximate, peduncled or the upper one 

 or two sessile, erect, loosely few-flowered or sometimes becoming 

 2 cm. long, at maturity yelloii^ or hrovni^ the terminal one fre- 

 quently pistillate above ; perigynium fleshy at maturity, plump, 

 nerved, about 2 nun. long, rounded or slightly depressed at tip, 

 longer than the blunt white or pale-brown scale. — 

 Wet meadows and springy banks, Nfd. to B. C, 

 s. to n. Ct., centr. N. Y., n.w. Pa., Ind., Wise, etc., 

 mostly in calcareous regions. June-,July. Fig. 422. 

 <r^^ B 7o. C. bicolor All. Similar ; spikes mostly 



^^m jLI crowded, only the lowermost subtended by an 

 yl^ I elongated bract, the others short-bracted or bract- 



less, the terminal mostly pistillate ; mature peri- 



"*"' ^' """"*• gynia dry and firm, white, pulverulent, tapering to „ „ , . . 



the short tip ; scales dark brown or purplish. — Wet ledges and 



gravelly shores, Lab. to n. Me. ; n. shore L. Superior. June-Aug. (Greenl., 



Eu.) Fig. 423. 



74. C. paucifl5ra Lightf. Very slender but erect, stiff, 

 0.5-6 dm. high ; leaves very narrow, usually much shorter 

 than the culm ; staminate and pistillate flowers 2-5 ; pej^i- 

 gynia straw-color, subulate, several times longer 

 than the inconspicuous scales, at maturity 

 deflexed and easily detached. — Cold bogs, Nfd. 

 to Alaska, locally s. to Ct., Pa., Mich., Minn., 

 etc. June, July. (Eu.) Fig. 424. 



75, C. leptaiea Wahlenb. Capillary, erect 

 or slightly diffuse, 0.5-5 dm. high ; leaves mostly 425. C. leptaiea. 

 shorter than the culm ; spike 0.4-1.6 cm. long, 



staminate portion small, the suhalternate thin green nervose oblong or narrowly 



ellipsoid blunt pprigynia about twice longer than the brownish mostly obtuse 



caducous scales. (C. poly trie hoides Muhl.) — Bogs and wet 



meadows, Nfd. to B. C, s. to Pa., the Great Lakes, Mo., Col., 



and Ore, ; and in the mts. to N. C. June-Aug. Fig. 425. 



76. C. Harperi Fernald. Similar, 2.5-7 dm. 

 high ; the more crowded spike with strongly 

 overlapping linear-oblong perigynia and vjhitish 

 acuminate scales. — Bogs and swampy woods. 

 Pa. to Fla. and Tex. May-July. Fig. 426. 



77. C. Fraseri Andrews. Caespitose ; culm 

 2-5 dm. high, naked or the lower portion in- 

 cluded in loosely sheathing leaves, smooth and stiff ; leaves 

 broad, destitute of midrib, closely many-ribbed, very thick and 

 persistent, pale, 1.5-6 dm. long; spike solitary, the pistillate 

 portion globular, the longer staminate tip oblong ; perigynia 



straw-colored, papery, ovoid, faintly nerved, 

 much longer than the whitish scales. — Rich 

 mountain woods, Va., W. Va., and south w. ; 

 local. May-July. Fig. 427. 



78. C. Halleri Gunn. Small and slender, 1-6 dm. high ; culm 

 thin andobtuse, smooth or roughish, naked above ; leaves narrow 

 and flat, shorter than the culm ; spikes 2-4, aggregated, 4-8 myn. 

 long, sessile or rarely the lowest short-stalked ; perigynia orbicu- 

 lar to elliptic, nerveless or nearly so, the short beak slightly 

 notched, a little longer than the ovate purple-brown obtuse scales. 

 (C. alpina S\v.) — ('old wet rocks, e. Que., Ij. Superior region, 

 428. C. Ilalleri. Rocky Mts. , and far north w. July, Aug. (Eu.) Fig. 428. 



424. C. pauciflora. 



426. C. Harperi. 



427. C. Fraseri x %. 



Inflorescence and 



leaf-tip. 



