JUXCACEAE (rush FAMILY) 267 



* * Stamens alike^ icith sagittate anthers; capsule 1-celled, with o parietal pla- 

 centae ; leaves linear, translucoit, sessile ; submerged grass-like herbs, with 

 only the flowers reaching the surface. 



3. H. dubia ( Jacq. ) MacM. The slender branching stems clothed with leaves 

 and bearing a terminal 1-flowered spathe (becoming lateral); flowers small, pale 

 yellow, with a very long thread-like tube. (^H. graminea Vahl.) — N. E. to Unt., 

 westw. and southw. 



JimCACEAE (Rush Family) 



Grass-like or rush-like herbs, icith small regular and hypogynous persistent 

 floicers, 3 glumaceous sepals, and 3 similar petals, 6 or rarely 3 stamens icith 

 2-celled anthers, a single short style, 3 filiform hairy stigmas, and an ovary 

 either ^-celled or 1-celled icith 3 parietal placentae, forming a loculicidal 

 3-valved capsule. Seeds anatropous, with a minute embryo inclosed at the base 

 of the fleshy albumen. — Flowers liliaceous in structure, but sedge-like in aspect 

 and texture. 



1. Juncus. Capsule 3-celled (sometimes imperfectly so), many-seeded. Plants never hairy. 



2. Luzula. Capsule 1-celled, 3-seeded. Plants often hairy. 



1. JUNCUS [Tourn.] L. Rush. Bog Rush 



Capsule 3-celled, or 1-celled by the placentae not reaching the axis. Stamens 

 when 3 opposite the 3 sepals. — Chiefly perennials, and in wet soil or water, 

 with pithy or hollow and simple (rarely branching) stems, and cymose or clus- 

 tered small (greenish or brownish) flowers, chiefly in summer. (The classical 

 name, from jungere, to join, alluding to the use of the stems for bands.) 



a. Inflorescence appearing lateral ; the involucral leaf erect, similar to 



and continuing the naked or essentially naked scape ; rootstock ^ 

 creeping b. 

 b. Sheaths at base of the scape leafless. 

 Stamens 3. 

 Capsule tipped by a crown-Uke blunt mucro, formed by the 



thick base of the style ; inflorescence densely capitate . 17. J. conglomeratus. 



Capsule truncate or emarginate at tip, %Tithout a distinct mucro. 

 Inflorescence loose, the primary branches conspicuous . . 16, J. effusus. 

 Inflorescence a dense head, the primary branches short and 



inconspicuous (16) J. effusus, v. eompactus. 



Stamens 6. 



Flowers greenish ; capsule broadly ovoid, barely mucronate, 



about cquahng the calyx 15. J.fiUformis. 



Flowers brown ; capsule more or less trigonous, distinctly mu- 

 cronate. 

 Calyx 2-2.7 mm. long, much exceeded by the capsule . . 18. e/i Smithii. 

 Calyx 3,5-5 mm, long, nearly or quite equahng the capsule 



14. J. baliicus, v, littoralis. 



b. Sheaths (or at least the inner ones) bearing long terete scape-Uke 



leaves. 

 Flowers solitary at the tips of the ultimate ramifications of the 

 cyme ; capsule subglobose, 3-4 mm, in diameter, about equaled 



by the spreading sepals , . . , 10. cT", setaceua. 



Flowers clustered at the tips of the ultimate branthlets ; capsule 

 trigonous, barely 2 mm. broad ; sepals and petals appressed- 

 ascending. 

 Capsule broadly ovoid, about equaling the calyx ; seeds ovoid, 



obtuse 19. J", Roemerianua. 



Capsule ellipsoid, exceeding the calyx ; seeds with long caudate 



tips 20. t/". mariti7nu8. 



a. Inflorescence terminal c. 



c. Leaves flat, or somewhat terete, or setaceous and channeled, but 



never septate d. 

 d. Annuals with soft bases and fibrous roots. 



Sepals much shorter than the rigid petals; flowers in dense 



clusters ; stamens 3 ; capsule subulate . . . . 4Si. J. repens. 



Sepals equaling or exceeding the petals ; stamens 6 ; capsule 

 eUipsoid or ovoid. 



