294 LILIACEAE (lily FAMILY) 



5. T. grandiflbrum (Michx.) vSalisb. Leaves less broadly rhombic-ovate 

 pedicel erect or ascending ; petals obhniceolate, often broadly so (4-() cm. long), 

 white turning rose-color or marked with green ; stamens with stout filaments 

 (persistently green about the fruit) and anthers, exceeding the very slender erect 

 or suherect and somewhat coherent stigmas; fruit subglobose. — Kich woods, 

 w. Que. and w. Vt. to Minn., Mo., and N. C. 



*+ -H* Anthers at anthesis surpassed by the stigmas. 



6. T. cirnuum L. Leaves very broadly rhombic-ovate ; peduncles (8—33 mm. 

 long) usually recurved; petals white or pink, ovate- to oblong-lauceolate (12- 

 24 mm. long), wavy, recurved-spreading ; filaments nearly or quite equaling 

 the anthers; ovary white or pinkish ; stigmas stoutish, tapering from the base 

 to the apex; fruit ovoid. — Moist woods, Nfd. to Man., southw. to Pa., Mich., 

 Minn., and in the mts. to Ga. 



7. T. declinatum (Gray) Gleason. Leaves broadly rhombic ; peduncles (4-6 

 cm. long) usually horizontal ; petals white, ovate-oblong (2-3.5 cm. long); fila- 

 ments less than half as long as the anthers ; stigmas short, stout, tapering 

 from the base to the apex ; ovary white or pinkish. (T'. erectum^ var. Gray.) — 

 Woods, O. and s. Mich, to s. Minn, and Mo. 



* * Ovary and fruit S-lobed or -angled^ not winged ; filaments slender^ about 

 equaling the anthers; pedicel erect or inclined; leaves petiolate. 



8. T. nivale Riddell. (Dwarf White or Snow T.) Small (5-10 cm. high); 

 leaves oval or ovate^ obtuse (2.5-5 cm. long) ; petals oblong^ obtuse (12-30 mm. 

 long), white, scarcely wavy, spreading from an erect base, equaling the 

 peduncle ; styles long and slender ; fruit depressed-globose, with 3 rounded 

 lobes, 6-8 mm. long. — Rich woods, w. Pa. and Ky, to Minn, and la. 



9. T. undulatum Willd. (Painted T.) Leaves ovate, taper-pointed ; petals 

 ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, wavy, widely spreading, vjhite painted with 

 purple stripes at the base, shorter than the peduncle ; fruit broad-ovoid, obtuse, 

 14-18 mm. long. (T. erythrocarpum Michx.) — Cold damp woods and bogs, e. 

 Que. to Ont. and Wise, southw. in the mts. to Ga. 



32. AlETRIS L. Colic-root. Star Grass 



Perianth cylindrical, wrinkled and roughened outside by thickly set points, 

 the tube adhering below to the base of the ovary, 6-cleft at the summit. 

 Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the lobes ; filaments and anthers short, 

 included. Style awl-shaped, 3-cleft at the apex ; stigmas minutely 2-lobed. 

 Capsule ovoid, beaked, inclosed in the roughened perianth ; seeds numerous, 

 minute, costate. — Perennial and smooth stemless herbs, very bitter, with 

 fibrous roots, and a spreading cluster of thin and flat lanceolate leaves ; the 

 small flowers in a spike-like raceme, terminating a naked slender scape (4-10 

 dm. high). ('AXerpls, a female slave who grinds corn; in allusion to the ap- 

 parent mealiness of the blossoms.) 



1. A. farinbsaL. Flowers tubvilar, white ; lobes lanceolate-oblong. — Grassy 

 or sandy woods, s. Me. to Fla., Ark., and Minn. July, Aug. 



2. A. aurea Walt. Flowers bell-shaped, yellow, fewer and shorter than in 

 the preceding; lobes short-ovate. — Barrens, " Va.," S. C. to Fla. and Tex. 



33. SMtLAX [Toum.] L. Green Brter. Cat Brier 



Flowers dioecious in umbels on axillary peduncles, small, greenish or yellow- 

 ish, regular, the perianth-segments distinct, deciduous. Filaments linear, in- 

 serted on the very base, the introrse anthers linear or oblong, fixed by the l:)ase, 

 apparently 1-celled. Ovary of fertile flowere 3-celled (l-celled, w'ith single 

 stigma in S. laurifolia) ; stigmas thick and spreading, almost sessile ; ovules 1 oi 

 2 in each cell, pendulous, orthotropous. Fruit a small berry. — Shrubby or her- 

 baceous, usually climbing or sux^ported by a pair of tendrils on the petiole of th( 



