ORCHIDACEAE (ORCHIS FAMILY) 307 



lip 2-3 cm. long. — Mostly in swampy or boggy places. — Frequently indis- 

 tinguishable from the following variety, into which it seems to pass. Both the 

 species and the variety widely distributed throughout our range. May-July. 



Var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight. (Larger Yellow L.) Stem 23-70 cm. 

 high; leaves oval, acute, 11-20 cm. long, 5-11 cm. wide, mostly distant on the 

 stem at anthesis ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, greenish-yellow, dotted and streaked 

 with madder-purple markings, usually exceeding o cm. in length ; U]) golden- 

 yellow, 3.5-5 cm. long. (C. pubescens ^Villd. ; C. hirsiitum auth., not Mill.) 

 — Mostly in woods. 



^ -^ Lip ichite. 



3. C. candidum Muhl. (Small White L.) Stem 16-28 cm. high. 1-flowered ; 

 leaves oval-lanceolate, acute, mostly crowded at anthesis ; petals and sepals 

 greenish, spotted with madder-purple; sepals ovate-lanceolate; lip 18-20 mm. 

 long, striped with purple inside at base. — Swamps, N. Y. and N. J. to s. Minn., 

 n. e. Neb., s. to Mo. and Ky. May, June. 



-1- •*- Sepals and petals not twisted, shorter than the lip, or nearly equaling it. 



4. C. hirsutum Mill. (Showy L.) ^?f?)?- 4-8 cZwi. ^/^^, hirsute ; leaves ovate, 

 acute ; sepals round-ovate, or orbicular, rather longer than the oblong petals ; lip 

 much inflated, white, crimson-magenta in front, about 4 cm. long. (C. spectabile 

 Salisb.) — Swamps and wet mossy woods, Nfd. to Ga. and Wise. June, July. 



5. C. passerinum Richards. Stem about 2 dm. high, villous-pubescent ; 

 leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acute ; upper sepal yellowish, nearly orbicular, about 

 1.5 cm. long ; lip spherical, pale magenta, spotted with deep magenta at the base 

 within. — Woods, n. Ont. ; L. Superior, westw. and northwestw. 



** Stems short, 2-leaved ; leaves basal, next the ground; scape terminated 

 by a solitary bract, l-flnvered ; sepals and petals greenish-brown, shorter 

 than the drooping lip, which is fissured in front. 



6. C. acaule Ait. (Stemless L.) Leaves oval; scape 15-38 cm. high; 

 sepals ovate-lanceolate, nearly as long as the linear-lanceolate petals ; lip obovoid, 

 crimson-pink (rarely white, and petals yellow-green), nearly 5 cm. long, veiny ; 

 staminode rhomboid. {Fissipes Small.) — Dry woods, Nfd. to Minn., Win- 

 nipeg, and northwestw. ; s. to N. C. and Tenn. May, June. 



2. 6RCHIS [Tourn.] L. 



Flowers ringent. Sepals and petals nearly equal. Lip turned downward, 

 coalescing with the base of the column, spurred below. Anther-cells contiguous 

 and parallel. FcJ-en cohering in numerous coarse waxy grains, which are col- 

 lected on a cobwebby elastic tissue into two large masses (one filling each 

 anther cell) borne on slender stalks, the bases of which are attached to the 

 glands or viscid disks of the stigma ; the two glands contained in a common 

 little pouch, or bursicule, placed just above the orifice of the 

 spur. Flowers magenta-pink, showy, in a loose raceme. Leaves 

 one or two. ("Opxts, the ancient name.) 



1. 0. rotundifolia Banks. Leaf solitary, varying from almost 

 orbicular to oblong, 3-8 cm. long ; scape naked, 12-23 cm. high ; 

 flowers magenta; lip white, spotted witli magenta. 3-lobed (the 

 lateral lobes oblong and the larger middle lobe dilated and notched 

 at the apex), 6-8 mm. long, exceeding in length the ovate-oblong 

 petals and sepals and the slender depending spur. {Habenaria 6io. o. rotundi- 

 Richards.) — Damp woods and swamps, local, e. Que. to N. Y., folia x i. 

 Wise, northw. and northwestw. June, July. Fig. 610. 



2. 0. spectabilis L. (Showy O.) Leavps two, basal, oblong-obovate, shining, 

 7-15 cm. long; scape 4-5-angled, 4-17 cm. high; bracts leaf-like, lanceolate; 

 floral bracts exceeding the flowers ; sepals and petals contiguous, forming a 

 vaulted galea behind the column ; lip ovate, white, or rarely magenta-pink, 

 undivided. (Galeorchis Rydb.) — Rich woods, N. B. and N. E., s. to Ga., 

 westw. to Mo. and Dak. May, June. 



