ORCHIDACEAE (ORCHIS FAMILY) 



319 



bract. (C borealis Salisb.) — Deep mossy woods, across the continent northw., 

 very locally south to n. N. E., Mich., Minn., Ariz., and Cal. May-July,, (Eu.) 



16. APLECTRUM (Nutt.) Torr. Putty-root. Adam-and-Eve 



Perianth neither gibbous nor with any trace of a spur or sac at base. Lip 

 free, 8-lobed, with three longitudinal crests. Column compressed ; pollen- 

 masses 4. — Scape about 4 dm. high, from near the summit of a globular bulb. 

 Leaf solitary ; petiole distinct. The slender naked rootstock produces each year 

 a globular solid bulb or conn, often 2.5 cm. in diameter (filled 

 with exceedingly glutinous matter) , which sends up late in sum- 

 mer a large oval manj'-nerved plaited leaf lasting through the 

 winter ; early in the succeeding summer the scape appears, ter- 

 minated by a loose raceme of lurid flowers. (The name is com- 

 posed of a- privative, and irXriKTpov^ a spur, from the total want 

 of the latter. ) 



1. A. hyemale (Muhl.) Torr. Flowers about 10; sepals ob- 

 long, greenish or yellowish, tinged vilth madder-pui^^le ; petals 

 shorter, arching over the column, oblong, obtuse, yellowish, 

 tinged "\Aith madder-pui-ple above ; lip white or nearly so, spar- 

 ingly marked with magenta. (A. Shortii Rydb.) — Rich woods, Vt. to Sask., 

 andsouthw., local. May, June. Fig. 637. — Pale forms occur devoid of mark- 

 ings on the perianth. 



637. 



A. hvemale 



17. TIPULARIA Nutt. Crane Fly Orchis 



Flowers greenish, tinged with madder-purple, numerous in an elongated 

 loose bractless raceme. Sepals oblong-oval, obtuse, upper sepal narrower. 

 Petals oblong, obtuse. Lip with a slender spur, 3-lobed ; lateral 

 lobes obtuse, obscurely toothed ; apical lobes broad at base, margin 

 deliexed at the middle, apex expanded. Column wingless ; anther 

 operculate, terminal ; pollen-masses 2, waxy, each 2-parted, con- 

 nected by a linear stalk with the transverse small gland. — Corms 

 connected in a horizontal series, producing in autumn a single ovate 

 slender-petioled nerved and plaited leaf, purplish beneath, and 

 in summer a long slender scape. (Name from a fancied resem- 

 blance of the flowers to insects of the genus Tipula.) 



1. T. discolor (Pursh) Nutt. • Leaf green above, purplish 



beneath, disappearing before the flowers are produced ; scape 



25-45 cm. high ; spur about 2 cm. long, twice longer than the 



ovary. {T. unifolia BSP.) — A southern species, extending 



N. J.; reported but unverified from farther north. Fig. 638. 



638. T. discolor 

 xVs- 



northw. to 



18. HEXALECTRIS Raf. 



Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, somewhat spreading, several-nerved ; 

 perianth not gibbous or spurred at base. Lip obovate, 3-lobed, with 5 or 6 

 prominent ridges do\^^l the middle, the middle lobe somewhat concave. 

 Pollen-masses 8, united into a single fascicle. — Leafless plants 

 with stout or somewhat coralline annulated rootstocks. (Name 

 probably derived from e|, six, and iXeKrpvwv, a cock, from the 

 crest of the lip.) 



1. H. aphylla (Nutt.) Raf. Plants 3-6 dm. high, with 

 short sheathing purplish scales ; flowers racemed, bracteate, 

 madder-pur])le, about 2 cm. long ; sepals narrowly oval, obtuse ; G39. H. aphylla x 2/.,. 

 petals shorter, similar. (Arethusa spicata Walt.?) — Rich Flower, 

 woods, Ky., Mo., and south w. July, Aug. Fig. 039. Expanded Up. 



