FAGACEAE (BEECH FAMILY) 



343 



6Si. Q. velutina. 



half of the dark-brown puberulent often 

 striped ellipsoid to subglobose small (1.2-2 

 cm. long) acorn; leaves smooth and lus- 

 trous in age, icith axillary tvfLs beneath^ 

 becoming yellow or pale brown in autumn, 

 the 5-7 oblong lobes coarsely toothed at sum- 

 mit ; hark gray, close and smooth, or in age 

 shallowly fissured, light yelloxo within. — Clay 

 or gravel, s. Mich, to Man. and la. — A me- 

 dium-sized tree, in habit said to resemble the 

 eastern Q. palustris. Fig. 683. 



16. Q. velutina Lam. (Qlercitkon, Yel- 

 low-barked or Black 0.) Cuj) turbinate, 

 or hemispherical loith a conical base, 1.8- 

 2.3 cm. broad, its upper pubescent thin light- 

 chestnut scales loosely imbricated or squar- 

 rose when dry ; acorns ovoid to hemispherical, 

 1.2-2 cm. long, light-brown, often pubescent ; 

 leaves variously divided, ordinarily with hairy 

 tufts in the axils beneath, turning brownish, 

 orange, or dull red in autumn ; bark dark- 

 brown and rough, internally orange. (Q. 

 tinctoria Bartr. ; Q. coccinea, var. tinctoria 



A. DC.) — Dry or gravelly uplands, s. Me. to w. Ont., 

 and south w. — The bark is largely used in tanning. 

 Fig. 68-4. Var. missouriensis Sarg. Leaves with 

 permanent rusty pubescence beneath, and cup-scales 

 tomentose. — Mo. and Ark. 



17. Q. falcata Michx. (Spanish 0.) Leaves gray- 

 ish-dovniy or fnlvous underneath, S-^-lubed above 

 (sometimes entire); the lobes prolonged, mostly nar- 

 row and more or less scythe-shaped, especially the 

 terminal one. entire or sparingly cut-toothed ; acorn 

 globose, 8-10 mm. long ; cup saucer-shaped with a 

 somewhat top-shaped base and about half the length 

 of the acorn. {Q. digitata Sudworth ; Q. pagodae- 

 folia Ashe.) — Dry or sandy soil, N. J. to Fla. ; and 

 from s. Ind. to Mo. and Tex. — A large or small tree, 

 extremely variable in foliage ; bark excellent for tan- 

 ning. Fig. 685. 



18. Q. ilicifolia "Wang. (Bear or Black Scrub 

 O.) Dwarf (1-3, rarely 6, m. high), straggling; 

 leaves (5-10 cm. long) thickish, obovate, wedge- 

 shaped at base, angularly about D(S-7)-lobedy 

 white-downy beneath; lobes short and triangular, 



spreading ; acorn 10-12 mm. 

 long. (Q. nana^SLTg.) — Sandy 

 barrens and rocky hills, N. 

 686. 



19. Q. nigra L. ("Water O. ) Leaves 

 glabrous and shining, obovate-spatulate 

 or narroioly icedge-form, with a long 

 tapering base and an often obscurely 

 3-lobed summit, varying to oblanceolate. 

 {Q. aquatica Walt.) — Wet ground, 

 around ponds, etc., Del. to the Gulf; 

 and from Ky. and Mo. to Tex. — Tree 

 8-12 m. high ; running into many vari- 

 eties, especially southw. ; the leaves on 

 686. Q. ilicifolia. Seedlings and strong shoots often in- 



6S5. Q. falcata. 

 E. to O. and Ky. Fig 



687. Q. nigra. 



