KANU^'CULACEAE (CliUWEOOT FAMILY) 399 



3. ADONIS [Dill.] L. 



Sepals and petals (5-16) flat, uuappendaged, deciduous. Achenes numerous, 

 in. a head, rugose-reticulated. Seed suspended. — Herbs with finely dissected al- 

 ternate leaves and showy flowers. ("ASwvis, a favorite of Venus, after his death 

 changed into a flower.) 



1. A. AUTUMNALis L. (Pheasakt's Eye.) Low Icafy annual with scarlet 

 or crimson corolla darker in the center. {A. annua L., in part.) — Occasional 

 in fields. (Sparingly introd. from Eu.) 



4. TRAUTVETTERIA Fisch. & May. False Bugbane 



Sepals 3-5, usually 4, concave, petal-like, very caducous. Petals none. 

 Achenes numerous, capitate, membranaceous, compressed, somewhat 4-angled 

 and inflated. Seed erect. — A perennial herb, with alternate palmately-lobed 

 leaves, and corymbose white flowers. (For Prof. E. B. von Traiitvetter, an able 

 Russian botanist of the 19th century.) 



1. T. carolinensis (Walt.) Vail. Stems 6-9 dm. high; root-leaves large, 

 5-11-lobed, the lobes toothed and cut. (T. pahnata Fisch. & Mey.) — Moist 

 ground along streamlets, Md. and s. w. Pa. to Mo. and Ga. 



5. THALICTRUM [Toum.] L. Meadow Rue 



Sepals 4-5, petal-like or greenish, usually caducous. Petals none. Achenes 

 4-15, grooved or ribbed, or else inflated. Stigma unilateral. Seed suspended. 

 — Perennials, with alternate 2-3-ternately compound leaves, the divisions and 

 the leaflets stalked ; petioles dilated at base. Flowers in corymbs or panicles, 

 often polygamous or dioecious. (A Greek name of an unknown plant, men- 

 tioned by Dioscorides.) 



* Flowers perfect ; filaments club-shaped, erect or spreading. 



1. T. clavatum DC. Stem slender, glabrous, 3-4 dm. high, 1-3-leaved ; 

 radical leaves biternate ; leaflets large, thin, glaucous beneath, suborbicular, 

 coarsely and crenately 3-7-toothed ; flowers white, few ; achenes 5-10, flat, 

 falcate, tapering into a long and very slender stipe. — By mountain streams, 

 W. Va. and Va. to Ga. and Ala. May, June. 



* * Flowers dioecious or polygamous. 



•«- Achenes sessile, regularly nbbed, their walls of firm texture. 



2. T. confine Fernald. Glabrous and glaucous, 3-10 dm. high, from a slen- 

 der elongate caudex ; leaflets often 2-4 cm. broad, suborbicular, veins scarcely 

 prominulous beneath ; achenes maturing 2-5, about 8 mm. long including the 

 beak. — Rocky and gi-avelly banks of streams, e. N. B., Que., and n. Me. to 

 n. N. Y. and Man. June, July. 



■«- •*- Achenes broadly spindle-shaped, conspicuously stalked; filaments thread- 

 like ; leaves '6-A-ternate. 



3. T. coriaceum (Britton) Small. Boots stout, bright yellow; common 

 petioles of the stem-leaves more or less developed, the base much dilated and 

 amplexicaul ; leaflets broadly obovate to suborbicular, 3-9-toothed or -lobed, 

 pale and glabrous beneath ; style nearly as long as the achene. — Mts. of Pa. to 

 Ky., N. C, andTenn. 



4. T. caulophylloides Small. Similar; roots not yellow; leaflets commonly 

 large, reniform-suborbicular, broader than long, pale beneath ; style thickish, 

 often hooked, about half as long as the achene. — Mountain slopes and alluvial 

 banks, Md. to Ky. ami 'iVnn. 



