400 RANUNCULACEAE (CROWFOOT FAMILY) 



•«-■»-■*- Achpnr<t sessile or suhspssilp, thiiKmlled, the rihs often connected by 



transverse reticulations ; leaves -\-A-ternate. 



•M. Filaments capillary^ soon flrooping ; petioles of the stem-leaves well devel- 

 oped; vernal. 



5. T. diolcum L. (Early M.) Smooth and pale or glaucous, 3-6 dm. high ; 

 leaves (2-3) all with general petioles ; leaflets thin, light green, drooping, sub- 

 orbicular, 3-7-lobed ; flowers dioecious ; sepals purplish or greenish white. — 

 Rocky woods, etc., centr. Me., westw. and south w., common. Apr., May. 



++ ++ Filaments capillary or slightly chib-shaped, soon drooping ; petioles of the 



stem-leaves short or none ; aestival. 



6. T. dasycarpum Fisch. & Lall. Stem 6-12 dm. high, usually pui-plish ; 

 leaflets shortly oblong, mostly 3-toothed, more or less veiny, pale and usually 

 covered icith a fine non-glandular piibescence beneath ; flowers dioecious ; se- 

 pals and capillary filaments commonly purplish white. ( T. purpurascens Man. 

 ed. 0, in part.) — Alluvial soil, N. J. to the Saskatchewan, and south westw. 



7. T. revolutum DC. Habit and flowers much as in the preceding ; leaflets 

 thicker, under a lens finely glandnlar-puberul ent , the glands or waxy globules 

 sessile or shortly stipitate. ( T. pnrpurascens Man. ed. 6, in part, including 

 var. ceriferum Aust.) — Rocky upland woods, etc., also on river banks, e. 

 Mass. to N. J., s. w. Ont., s. Ind., and N. C. — Emitting a heavy odor. 



•^ ++ -M- Filaments club-shaped, ascending or spreading until after anthesis. 



8. T. polygamum Muhl. (Tall M.) Glabrous or pubescent but not glan- 

 dular, 0..5-2.6 m. high ; stem-leaves sessile ; leaflets rather firm, roundish to 

 oblong, commonly with mucronate lobes or tips, sometimes puberulent beneath ; 

 panicles very compound; flowers white (rarely purplish), the fertile ones with 

 some stamens ; anthers not drooping, small, oblong, blunt, the mostly white 

 filaments decidedly thickened upwards ; achenes glabrous. (T. Cornuti Man. 

 ed. 5, not L. ) — Wet meadows and along rivulets, Nfd. to O. and southw., com- 

 mon. July-Sept. Var. hkbecarpum Fernald. Leaflets usually pubescent 

 beneath ; achenes pubescent. — Nfd. to s. Ont. and N. H. 



6. ANEMONELLA Spach. 



Involucre compound, at the base of an umbel of flowers. Sepals 5-10, white 

 and conspicuous. Petals none. Achenes 4-lo, ovoid, terete, strongly 8-10- 

 ribbed, sessile. Stigma terminal, broad and depressed. — Low glabrous peren- 

 nial ; leaves all radical, compound. (Name a diminutive of Anemone, to which 

 this plant has sometimes been referred.) 



1. A. thalictroides (L.) Spach. (Rue Anemone.) Stem and slender peti- 

 ole of radical leaf (1-3 dm. high) rising from a cluster of thickened tuberous 

 roots ; leaves 2-3-ternately compound ; leaflets roundish, somewhat 3-lobed at 

 the end. cordate at the base, long-petiolulate, those of the 2-3-leaved 1-2-ternate 

 involucre similar ; flowers several in an umbel ; sepals oval (1.2 cm. long, some- 

 times pinkish), not early deciduous. (Syndesmon Hoffmannsegi:. ; Thalictrum 

 anemonoides yiich^.) — Woods, common, s.- N. H. to Minn., Kan., Tenn., and 

 n. w. Fla. — Rarely the sepals, stamens or involucre are variou.sly modified. 



7. HEPATICA [Rupp.] Hill. Liverleaf, Hepatica 



Leaves heart-shaped and 3-lobed, thicki.sh and persistent through the winter, 

 the new ones appearing later than the flowers, which are single, on hairy scapes. 

 (Name from a fancied resemblance to the liver in the shape of the leaves.) 



1. H. triloba Chaix. Leaves with 3 ovate obtuse or rounded lobes; those 

 of the involucre also obtuse ; sepals 6-12, blue, purplish, or nearly white ; achenes 

 several, in a small loose head, ovate-oblong, pointed, hairy. {H. Hepatica 

 Kar.st.) — Woods, common from N. S. to Fla., Mo., and Minn.; more abundant 

 eastw. (Alaska, Eu.) 



