430 CRUCIFERAE (MLSTARD FAMILY) 



3. S. fRio L. Similar ; leaves runcinate-pinnatifid, the terminal portion 

 large ; pods ascending on slender pedicels, — Meadow, Grand Kapids, Mich. 

 {3Jiss Cole) ; ballast at Atlantic ports. (Adv. from Eu. ) 



4. S. canescens Nutt. Leaves piimatitid to tripinnatifid, canescent with 

 soft short hairs; flowers yellowish, very small ; pods in long racemes, oblong- 

 club-shaped or linear-cylindric, shorter than the horiztnital pedicels; seeds 

 2-ranked in each cell. (Sophia pinnata Howell.) — Pa. to Fla. and westw. — 

 Passing by various intermediates to 



V'ar, brachycarpon (Richards.) Wats. Green; stems at most cinereous- 

 stellate at base, Ksualli/ glabrous or glandular-pulverulent. (Sophia Rydb.) — 

 Que. to Assina.. s. to Ivy., Mo., Kan,, etc. 



0. S. incisum Engelm. Similar ; green or greenish ; pods more slender, 7-15 

 mm. long, about equaling the spreading pedicels ; seeds mostly \-ranked. 

 {Sophia Greene.) — A western polymorphous species, extending eastw. to Ont. 

 and Minn. 



Var. filipes Gray. Pedicels thread-like, spreading, much exceeding the 

 pods. — Minn., and westw. 



^'ar. Hartwegianum (Fourn.) Wats. The very numerous short pods on 

 still shorter suberect pedicels. — Minn., and westw. 



6. S. S6PHIA L. A similar hoary species, with decompound leaves ; pods 

 slender, about 2 cm. Zongr, ascending ; seeds \-ranked. (Sophia Britton.) — 

 Sparingly in waste places. (Nat. from Eu.) 



7. S. Thalianum (L.) J. Gay. (Mouse-ear Cress.) Slender, branched, 

 hairy at the base; leaves obovate or oblong, entire or barely toothed ; flowers 

 white; pods linear, somewhat 4-sided, longer than the slender spreading pedi- 

 cels. (Stenophragma Celak.) — Old fields and rocky places, Mass. to "Minn.," 

 Kan. and southw. Apr., May. (Nat. from Eu.) 



20. BRAYA Sternb. & Hoppe 



Pods cylindric to linear, often torulose, the septum ol pecidiar and charac- 

 teristic structure with its cells elongated transversely or obliquely. Flowers 

 white or purplish, capitate in anthesis. — Arctic perennials with single root and 

 branched hairs. (Named for Count F. G. de Bray of Rouen.) 



1. B. humilis (C. A. Mey.) Robinson. Sparingly pubescent, 1-2 dm. high 

 or less ; leaves narrowly oblanceolate, mostly with coarse and sharp teeth ; 

 pods narrow, subcylindrical, 8-18 mm. long, ascending on short pedicels, beaked 

 by a short style ; seeds 1-ranked. (Sisymbrium C. A. Mey.) — Limestone cliffs, 

 Willoughby Mt., n. Vt., Isle Royale, Mich., and northw. ; and in the Canadian 

 Rocky Mts. (Siber.) 



21. HESPERIS [Tourn.] L. Rocket 



Pod linear, nearly cylindrical ; stigma lobed, erect. Seeds in 1 row in each 

 cell, oblong, marginless. Cotyledons incumbent. — Biennial or perennial, with 

 serrate sessile or petiolate leaves, and large purple flowers. (Name from 

 eairepa. evening, from the evening fragrance of the flowers.) 



1. H. mathonXlis L. (Damk's Violet.) Tall; leaves lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate ; pods 5-10 cm. long, spreading. — Sometimes cultivated, and spreading to 

 roadsides, etc. (Introd. from Eu.) 



22. ERYSIMUM [Tourn.] L. Treacle Mustard 



Pod linear, 4-sided, the valves keeled witli a strong midrib ; stigma broadly 

 lobed. Seeds in 1 row in each cell, oblong, marginle.ss. Cotyledons in oui*s 

 (often obliquely) incumbent. — Chiefly biennials, with yellow flowers; the 

 leaves not clasping. Pubescence of appressed 2-:^-parted hairs. (Name from 

 ipv€i.v, to draw blisters.) 



