564 VITACEAE (vine FAMILY) 



compound thyrse, very fragrant ; pedicels mostly umbellate-clustered. Leaves 

 simple, rounded and heart-shaped. (The classical Latin name.) 



Lower surface of leaves velvety-tomeutose or covered with flocculent wool. 



Berries large, 1-i-lS mm. in diameter 1. F. labrusca. 



Berries smaller, rarely over 12 mm. in diameter. 

 Branchlets terete or nearly so, glabrous, glabrate, or retaining only floccu- 

 lent remnants of wool. 

 Branchlets, petioles, and lower surface of leaves covered with somewhat 



persistent reddish flocculent wool 2. V. aestivalie. 



Branchlets even when young glabrous or nearly so ; lower surface of 



leaves very jiale and glaucous, at length nearly smooth , . . 3. F. bicolor. 

 Branchlets distinctly angled, covered with a fine "dense and persistent 



grav tomentum 4. F. cinerea. 



Lower surface of the leaves merely pubescent (chiefly along or in the axils of 

 the nerves) or glabrous. 



Leaves very glaucous or even whitened beneath 3. F. bicolor. 



Leaves green beneath. 

 Bark of stem loose and shredding ; berries 7-10 mm. in diameter. 

 Leaves ovate to suborbicular ; berries mostly acid ; tall climbers. 

 Teeth of leaves narr<iwly deltoid or even lanceolate, sharply acumi- 

 nate, and often sllght\y falcate ; berries blue, with Copious bloom 6. F. vulpina. 

 Teeth of leaves broadly deltoid, cuspidate; berries black or dark 

 purple, with httle or no bloom. 

 Leaves scarcely or not at all :3-lobed ; the basal sinus mostly rather 



deep, narrow, and acutish 5. F. cordifolia. 



Leaves habituallv and rather incisely 3(-5)-lobed ; the basal sinus 



mostly wide, shallow, and rounded T. F. palmata. 



Leaves reniform or depressed-ovate, broader than long ; berries sweet ; 



bushy or sprawling . 8. F. rupestrin. 



Bark of stem close and firm ; berries 12-18 mm. in diameter . . .9. V. rotund if olia. 



§ 1. EUVItIS Planch. Bark loose and shreddy ; tendrils forked; nodes solid. 

 * A tendril {or inflorescence) opposite each of several successive leaves. 



1. V. labrusca L. (Northern Fox G.) Branchlets and young leaves very 

 woolly ; leaves large, entire or deeply lobed, slightly dentate, continuing rusty- 

 woolly beneath ; fertile panicles compact ; berries large, — Moist or dry thickets, 

 N. E. to the Allegheny Mts., and s. to Ga.; also n. w. Ind. — Fruit ripe in Sept. 

 or Oct., dark purple or ambei-color, with a tough musky pulp. Improved by 

 cultivation, it has given rise to the Isabella, Catawba, Concord, and other 

 varieties. 



* * Tendrils intermittent {none opposite each third leaf). 



•«- Leaves pubescent and floccose^ especially beneath and when young. 



2. V. aestivalis Michx. (Summer or Pigeon G.) Branchlets terete^ loosely 

 pubescent ; leaves large, unlobed or more or less deeply and obtusely 3-5-lobed, 

 with short broad teeth, very woolly and mostly red or rusty when young, tawny- 

 flocculent even in age; petioles rather short, pubescent ; berries middle-sized, 

 black, with a bloom, in compact bunches. — Thickets, s. N. H. to Fla., w. to 

 • f»nd Tex. May, June. — Berries pleasant, ripe in Sept. 



. bicolor Le Conte. (Summer G.) Branchlets terete, g\?i\>vovii>, or we^wXy 

 >, pc^oles long, glabrous; leaves thickish, very glaucous and early glabrate 

 I neatu ; teeth less salient; otherwise resembling the preceding. — N. H. to 

 ' ., and westw. 



. V. cinerea Engelm. (Sweet "Winter G.) Branchlets angular; pubes- 

 cence whitish or grayish, persistent ; leaves entire or slightly 3-lobed ; inflores- 

 cence large and loose ; berries small, black, without bloom. — Centr. 111. to Kan. 

 and Tex. 



-*- •«- Leaves glabrous and mostly shining, or short-hairy especially on the 7'ibs 



beneath, incisely lobed or undivided. 



5. V. cordifolia Michx. (Frost or Chicken G.) Leaves 7.r)-10 cm. wide, 

 unlobed or sliuhtly 3-lobed, cordate with a deep acute sinus, acuminate, coarsely 

 and shar])ly toothed ; stipules simdl ; iiiflort^scence ample, loose ; berries small, 

 black and shining, very acerb, ri])(Miiiig after frosts ; seeds 1 or 2, with promi- 

 nent rhaphe. (F. Baileyana Muii.^oii.~) — Thickets and stream-banks, Pa., s 



