PASSIFLORACEAE (PASSION FLOWER FAMILY) 587 



42. V. rostrata Pursli. (Loxg-spurred V.) Stems often numerous, com- 

 monly 1-1.2 dm. high ; leaves round-heart-shaped, nearly or quite glabrous, ser- 

 rate, the upper acute or pointed ; petals lilac-colored with a violet spot near the 

 center, borne on long peduncles above the leaves ; cleistogamous flowers with 

 minute or abortive petals appearing later on short peduncles from the axils of the 

 upper leaves ; capsules ovoid, 8-5 mm. long, glabrous ; seeds yellowish-brown. — 

 Shaded hillsides, w. Que. to Mich., and south w\ in the Alleghenies to Ga. 



§ 7. Stiile much enlarged npimrcl into a globose hoUoin summit with a wide ori- 

 fice on the lower side (Fig. 812) ; stipides large, leaf-like, lyrate-pinnatijid. 



Stipules pinnatisect at the base ; upper leaves crenately serrate ; iutroduced 

 species. 



Petals 2-0 times as long as the sepals 43. F. tricolor. 



Petals seldom longer than the sepals 44. F. arvensis. 



Stipules palui.itelv pectinate at the base ; upper leaves entire or nearly so ; 



indigenous " 45. F. Rafinesquii. 



43. V. TRfcoLOR L. (Pansy, Heart's-ease.) Stems angled, 1.5-3 dm. 

 high ; lower leaves roundish or cordate, upper oblong, crenate ; flowers large 



and widely spreading, variously marked with yellow, white, and 

 purple ; capsules ovoid ; seeds brown. — An escape from cultiva- 

 tion, rarely persisting. (Introd. from Eu.) Fig. 812. 



44. V. ARVENSIS "Murr; (Wild Pansy.) Similar to the pre- 

 ceding, but smaller; petals all pale yellow, iLsually shorter than 

 the rather long lanceolate acute sepals ; capsules globose. — (Jld 

 fields, frequent, Nfd. to N. E. and Out. (Nat. from Eu.) 



45. V. Rafinesquii Greene. (Wild Pansy.) Very slender, 

 often branched from the base ; root annual ; leaves small, the 

 earliest suborbicular, on slender petiole.'*, the later obovate to 

 linear-oblanceolate, attenuate at the base ; internodes usually 

 exceeding the leaves ; flowers small. 7-10 mm. long, the obovate 



812. V. tricolor, bluish-white to cream-colored petals nearly twice the length of 

 the sepals. ( V. tenella Raf., not Poir. ; V. tricolor, var. arvensis 

 Man. ed. 6, not DC.) — Woods and open places, N. Y. to Mich., Tex., and Ga. 



PASSIFLORACEAE (Passion Flower Family) 



Herbs or xcoody plants, climbing by tendrils, icith perfect flowers, 5 monadel- 

 phous stamens, and a stalked 1-celled ovary free from the calyx, with 3 or 4 

 parietal placentae, and as many club-shaped styles. 



^ 1. PASSIFLORA L. Passion Flower 



Calyx of 5 sepals shortly united at the base ; the throat crowned with a double 

 or triple fringe. Petals 5, on the throat of the calyx. Filaments united into a 

 tube which sheathes the long stalk of the ovary, separate above ; anthers large, 

 fixed by the middle. Berry (often edible) many-seeded. Leaves alternate, 

 generally palmately lobed, with stipules. Peduncles axillary, jointed. — Ours 

 are perennial herbs. (An adaptation otjlos passionis, a translation of Jior della 

 passione, the popular Italian name early applied to the flower from a fancied 

 resemblance of its parts to the implements of the crucifixion.) 



1. P. lutea L. Smooth, slender ; leaves obtusely S-lobed at the summit, the 

 lobes entire; petioles glandless ; flowers greenish-yellow, 2.5 cm. broad; fruit 

 1.2 cm. in diameter. — Damp thickets, s. Pa. to Mo., Tex., and Fla. 



2. P. incarnata L. Puliescent : leaves ?)-5-cleft. the lobes serrate, the base 

 bearing 2 glands ; flower large (5 cm. broad), nearly white, with a triple purple 

 and flesh-colored crown ; involucre 3-leaved ; fruit as large as a hen's egg. — 

 Dry soil, Ya. to Fla., w. to Mo. and Tex. — Fruit called Maypops. 



