UMBELLIFEKAE (^PAllSLEY I^A.MILY) 621 



perennial herb, with branched stems, large bipinnate leaves with rhombic- 

 obovate and compound conspicuously involucrate umbels. (Name said to be a 

 corruption of Ligusticum.) 



1. L. OFFICINALE (L.) Koch, Esseutiall}^ glabrous ; leaflets coarsely toothed 

 toward the apex, entire at tlie cuneate base. {L. Levisticum Karst.) — Culti- 

 vated for the aromatic qualities especially of its seeds, and now occasionally 

 found as a local escape. (Introd. from s. Eu.) 



39. ANETHUM [Tourn.] L. Dill 



Petals yellow. Fruit elliptical, flattened dorsally, the lateral ribs winged. 

 Involucre and involucels none. — Slender caulescent annuals with finely divided 

 leaves, and compound umbels. {"AvT}dov^ ancient Greek name of tlie dill, thought 

 to come from idetv, to burn, in allusion to the pungent seeds.) 



1. A. GRAVEOLEXS L. Erect, glabrous, usually branched. o-lO dm. high : 

 leaves finel}^ dissected, fennel-like. — Thoroughly established at Bridgeport, Ct. 

 iEames), and casual on waste ground, etc., elsewhere. (Introd. from Eu.) 



40. HERACLEUM L. Cow Parsnip 



Fruit obovate, as in Pastinaca, but with a thick conical stylopodiuni, and 

 the conspicuous obclavate oil-tubes extending scarcely below 

 the middle. — Tall stout perennials, with large compound 

 leaves, broad umbels, deciduous involucre, and many-leaved 

 involucels, white or purplish flowers, and obcordate petals, 

 the outer ones commonly larger and •2-cleit. (Dedicated to 

 Hercules.) 



1. H. lanatum Michx. Woolly; stem grooved, 1-2 8 m. 

 high ; leaves teniate ; leaflets broad, irregularly cut-toothed. 

 — Wet ground, Nfd. to the Pacific, and southw. to N. C, 

 Ky., and Kan. June. Fig. 830. 



2. H. Sphondylium L. Spreading-pubescent and some- 

 vs-hat scabrous; leaves pinnate; leaflets 3-7, coarsely and 

 rather bluntly toothed. — Casual on waste land, etc., chiefly 



839. H. lanatum X 2. about Atlantic ports. (Adv. from Eu.) 



41. IMPERAT6rIA [Tourn.] L. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Petals small, white. Fruit suborbicular or broadly 

 elliptical, distinctly cordate at base and apex, smooth, the ribs filiform except 

 the lateral, which are developed into a broad thin wing ; stylopodium conical ; 

 oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and as long or nearly as long as the fruit. — 

 Stately smoothish perennials, with ternately compound leaves. (From m- 

 perator, master, emperor, in allusion, it is said, to its powerful medicinal 

 qualities.) 



1. I. OsTRfjTHicM L. (Masterwort.) Stciu hoUow, 8-15 dm. high ; leaflets 

 large, ovate or obovate, serrate and commonly incised, nearly or quite glabrous ; 

 umbels with very numerous rays exinvolucrate or nearly so ; bracts of the 

 involucels few, narrow, inconspicuous. — Formerly cultivated, now locally estab- 

 lished in e. Pa., Mich., and perhaps elsewhere. (Introd. from Eu.) 



42. OXYPOLIS Kaf. 



Calyx-teeth evident. Fruit ovate to obovate, flattened dorsally ; dorsal ribs 

 filiform, the lateral broadly winged, closely contiguous and strongly nerved next 

 to the body (giving the appearance of 5 dorsal ribs); oil-tubes solitary in the 

 intervals. 2-6 on the commissure ; stylopodium short, thick-conical. — Glabrous 

 erect aquatic herbs ; involucre and involucels present, and flowers white, (Deri- 

 vation unexplained.) Tiedemannia DC. 



