024 CORNACEAE (DOGWOOD FAMILY^ 



§ 1. FJomfirs f/rpenish nr piirplr in <t, chisr cluster, siirrnunded h)/ a shoii'jy 

 usnaUy i-hracled <:<>roUa-li/cc white or pinkish involucre ; fntit bright red. 



1. C. canadensis L. (Dwakk C, Blinchbekhy.) Stems low and simple^ 

 9-22 cm. hiijh, from a slender creeping and subterranean rootstock ; leaves 

 scarcely petioled, the lower scale-like, the upper crowded into an apparent whorl 

 in sixes or fours ^i-arely opposite), ovate or oval, pointed ; bracts of the involucre 

 ovate, short-acuminate ; flowers greenish-white or the petals purple-tipped ; fruit 

 globular. — Damp cold woods, Lab. to Alaska, s. to N. J., W. V^a., Ind., Minn., 

 etc. Juue, July. (E. Asia.) — Leaves and involucres (rarely 3) often modified 

 and variously colored, 



2. C. suecica L. Similar but more slender ; leaves short-oval, in S-several 

 pairs^ not verticillate ; flowers deep violet; involncral bracts ovate, obtusish, 

 usually smaller than in the preceding. — Wooded crests of headhuids and cliffs. 

 Kivi^re du Lonp, Que,, and Nfd, to Greenl. and Alaska. July. (Boreal 

 Eurasia, ) 



3. C. fl6rida L. (Flowering D.) Tree. 4-12 m. high ; leaves ovate, pointed, 

 acutish at the base ; bracts of the involucre ohcoi'date, 3-6 cm. long ; finiit ovoid. 



— Dry woods, from s. Me. to Out. a'.id s. Minn., s. to Fla. and Tex. May, June. 



— Very showy in flower, scarcely le.ss so in fruit. 



§ 2. Flowers white, in open flat spreading cymes; involucre none; fruit spher- 

 ical ; leaves all opposite {except in no. 11.) 



* Pubescence woolly and more or less spreading. 



■*- Fruit light blue. 



4. C. circinata L'Her. (Round-leaved C. or D.) Shrub, 2-3 m. high ; 

 branches greenish, warty-dotted ; leaves round-oval, abruptly pointed, woolly 

 beneath, 5-12 cm. broad ; cymes flat ; fruit light blue. — Copses, in rich or 

 sandy soil, or on rocks, e. Que. to Man., s. to Va., Ind., Ill, la., and N. Dak. 

 Juue, July. 



5. C. Amomum Mill. (Silky C, Kinxikixnik.) Shrub, 1-3 m. high; 

 branches purplish; the branchlets, stalks, and lower surface of the ovate or ellip- 

 tical pointed leaves silky-downy (often rusty), pale and dull, not microscopically 

 papillose ; cymes flat, close ; calyx-teeth lanceolate ; fruit pale blue. ( C. sericea 

 L.) — Wet places, Nfd. to N. D., s. to Fla. and La, June. — C. Purpusi Koehne, 

 with slightly narrower leaves microscopically papillose but not rusty -pubescent 

 beneath, appears to be an inconstant form rather than a distinct species. 



-*- -t- Fruit white. 



6. C. asi)erif51ia Michx. Branches brownish; the branchlets, etc., roiigh- 

 pubescent ; leaves oblong or ovate, on short jietioles, pointed, rough with a harsh 

 pubescence above, and dovjny beneath; corolla subcylindric in bud, petals rather 

 long ; calyx-teeth minute ; fruit white, 5-0 mm. in diameter. — Dry or sandy 

 soil, n. shore of L. Erie to Minn., Kan., and southw. May, Juue. — A rather 

 tall shrub. C. Priceae Small, of Ky. and Tenn., is said to have smaller fruit 

 (about 3 mm. in diameter). 



7. C. Baileyi Coult. & Evans. Branchlets brownish, spreading-pubescent, 

 not scabrous ; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, not scabrous, appressed-pubesceiit 

 above, covered beneath with spreading and subappressed pubescence ; corolla 

 ovoid in bud ; petals short; fruit pure white. — Sandy shores, etc., w. Pa. and 

 s. Ont. to Minn, and Man. 



* * Pubescence closely appressed, straight and silky, or none. 



8. C. stolonifera Michx. (Red-osier D.) Branches, especially the osier- 

 like shoots of tlie season, bright red-purple, smooth ; leaves ovate, rounded at 

 base, abruptly short-pointed, roughish wiih a minute close pubescence on both 

 sides, whitish underneath ; cymes small and flat, rather few-flowered, smooth; 

 fruit whitt' or leail-rolor (rarely blue). — Wet places, Nfd. to Mackenzie, s. to 

 D. C, Great L. region, la., Neb., N. Mex., etc.; common, especially northw. — 



