654 GENTIAISTACEAE (GENTIAN FAMILY) 



many-seeded. — A smooth diffuse much branched small annual, with narrowly 

 linear or awl-shaped leaves connected at base by a slight stipular line ; the 

 small flowers solitary and sessile in the forks and at the ends of the branches ; 

 corolla inconspicuous,' white. (Name altered from TroXvirpe/xpos, 'many-stemmed.) 

 1. P. prociimbens L. — Dry fields, mostly in sandy soil, Md. to Fla., Tex., 

 and Mo. ; also adventive in N. J. and Pa. June-Oct. 



GENTIANACEAE (Gentian Family) 



Smooth herbs, with a colorless hitter juice^ opposite and sessile entire and 

 simple leaves (except in no. 9) without stipules, re(^ular flowers with the stamens 

 as many as the lobes of the corolla, which are convolute {rarely imbricated and 

 sometimes valvate) in the bud, a l-celled ovary loith 2 parietal placentae, or 

 nearly the u-hole inner face of the ovary ovuliferous ; the fruit usually a 2-valved 

 and sppticidal many-seeded capsule. Calyx persistent. Corolla mostly with- 

 ering-persistent ; the aitamens inserted on its tube. Seeds anatropous, with a 

 minute embryo in fleshy albumen. — Bitter-tonic plants. 



Subfamily I. GENTIANOfDEAE 



Leaves always simple and entire, sessile, never alternate. Aestivation of 

 corolla never valvate. 



* Lobes of corolla convolute in the bud. 

 -«- Style filiform, usually deciduous ; anthers oblong to linear, mostly twisting or curving in age. 



1. Sabatia. Parts of flower 5-12. Corolla rotate. Anthers recurved or re volute. 



2. Centaurium. Parts of flower 5 or 4. Corolla salver-form. Anthers twisting spirally. 



-i- +- Style stout and persistent or none ; anthers remaining straight. 

 ++ Corolla ^-ith scale-like appendages but no large pits or glands at base. 



3. Gentiana. Corolla funnel-form or bell-shaped, mostly plaited in the sinuses. Calyx 4-5-cleft. 



4. Pleurogyne. Corolla rotate. Calyx 4-5-parted. 



■H- -H- Corolla with a large pit or gland at the base of each lobe. 



5. Frasera. Corolla 4-parted, rotate ; a fringed glandular spot on each lobe. 



6. Halenia. Corolla 4-5-cleft, campanulate, and usually 4-5-spurred at the base. 



* * Lobes of corolla imbricate in the bud ; no appendages nor glands. 



7. Bartonia. Calyx 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-cleft, somewhat campanulate. 



8. Obolaria. Calyx of 2 foliaceous sepals. Corolla 4-lobed, oblong-campanulate. 



Subfamily II. MENYANTHOtDEAE 



Leaves all alternate and mostly petioled, sometimes trifoliolate or crenate. 

 Aestivation of corolia indupiicate- valvate. Marsh or aquatic perennials. 



0. Menyanthes. Corolla bearded inside. Leaves 3-foliolate. 

 10. Nymphoides. Corolla naked, or bearded on the margins only. Leaves simple, rounded. 



1. SABAtIA Adans. 



Calyx 5-12-parted, the lobes slender. Corolla .5-12-parted, wheel-shaped. 

 Stamens 5-12; anthers soon recurved. Style 2-cleft or -parted, slender. — 

 Biennials or annuals (rarely perennial by stolons), with slender stems, and 

 cymose-panicled handsome (white or rose-purple) flowers in summer. (Dedi- 

 cated, it is said, to L. Sabbati, an early Italian botanist.) Sabbatia Salisb. 



