GENTIANACEAE (GENTIAN FAMILY) 659 



oblong or lanceolate lobes (5-15 mm. lon<r) shorter than or exceeding the calyx- 

 lobes. (Including P. carinthiaca, var. pusiUa Gray.) — Brackish shores and 

 marshes, e. Que., Nfd., Lab., and northw. ; Rocky Mts. — Pursh's report of 

 the plant from the White Mts., N. H., was probably erroneous. Aug., Sept. 

 (Greenl., n. Eurasia.) 



5. FRASERA Walt. American Colcmbo 



Calyx deeply 4-parted. Filaments awl-shaped, usually monadelphous at 

 base ; anthers oblong, vei'satile. Style persistent ; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 

 oval, flattened, 4-14-seeded. Seeds large and flat, wing-margined. — Tall and 

 showy herbs, with thick root, upright mostly simple stems, whorled leaves, and 

 numerous peduncled flowers in open cymes, disposed in an ample elongated 

 panicle. (Named for John Fraser, an 18th century collector.) 



1. F. caroliniensis Walt. ' Smooth biennial or triennial, 1-2.5 m. high ; leaves 

 mostly in fours, lance-oblong, the lowest spatulate, veiny ; panicle pyramidal, 

 loosely flowered ; corolla 2-3 cm. broad, light greenish-yellow, marked with 

 small brown-purple dots, its divisions obJong, mucronate, longer than the nar- 

 rowly lanceolate calyx-lobes, each with a large round gland below the middle ; 

 capsule much flattened parallel with the flat valves. — Rich dry soil, N. Y. and 

 Ont. to Wise, and southw. May, June. 



6. HALENIA Borkh. Spurred Gentian 



Calyx 4-5 parted. Corolla without folds or fringe, usually prolonged at the 

 base underneath the erect lobes into spurs, w'hich are glandular in the bottom. 

 Stigmas 2, sessile, persistent on the oblong flatfish capsule. Seeds rather 

 numerous, oblong. ■ — Small and upright herbs, with yellowish or purplish 

 Xjanicled-cymose flowers. (Named for Johann Halen^ a German botanist.) 

 Tetragoxaxthus Gmel. 



1. H. deflexa (Sm.) Griseb. Leafy annual or biennial. 1-9 dm. high, sim- 

 ple or branched above ; leaves o-5-nerved, the lowest oblong-spatulate and 

 petioled, the others ohJong-lanceolate to ovate, acuminate, the nodes mostly 

 remote; spurs cylindrical, obtuse, curved, descending, half the length of the 

 acutely ^-lohed corolla. {Tetragonanthus Ktze.) — Damp and cool woods, Nfd. 

 and Lab. to Sask., s. to centr. Me., w. Mass., centr. N, Y., Mich., and Minn. 

 July-Sept. Yar. heterantha (Griseb.) Fernald. Lower or sometimes all the 

 flowers without spurs. — Nfd. and Lab. to Me. and Mich. 



7. BARTONIA Muhl. 



Stamens short. Capsule oblong, flattened, pointed with a large persistent at 

 length 2-lobed stigma. Seeds minute, innumerable, covering the whole inner 

 surface of the pod. — Small annuals or biennials with thread-like stems, and 

 little awl-shaped scales in place of leaves. Flowers small, peduncled. (Dedi- 

 cated to Frof. Benjamin Smith Barton, of Philadelphia.) 



* Corolla-lobes oblong to spatulate, obtuse, usually denticulate. 



■*- Flowers 7-9 mm. long ; corolla-lobes spatulate, more than twice as long at 



the calyx-lobes. 



1. B. v6rna (Michx.) Muhl. Stem 1-few-flowered, 4-25 cm. high, nearly 

 naked ; leaf-scales inconspicuous, remote, mostly opposite or nearly so ; corolla- 

 lobes narrowly spatulate to spatulate-obovate, obtuse, denticulate or subentire, 

 2-3 times as long as the calyx-lobes. — Bogs near the coast, s. Ya. to Fla. and 

 La. Mar. -May. 



♦- -^ Flowers 3-4 mm. long ; corolla-lobes one third to one half longer than the 



calyx-lobes or rarely twice their length. 



2. B. virginica (L.) BSP. Stems yellowish, 5-30 cm. high, erect and straight 

 or irregularly flexuous, mostly sharp-angled, simple or forked at the hard sub- 



