062 APOCYNACEAE (DOGBANE FAMILY) 



tender annuals) with evergreen firm leaves and axillary flowers. (Ancient 

 Latin name of uncertain derivation.) 



1. V. MINOR L. (Common 1'., '' Mvktle,") Spreading by creeping stems ; 

 leaves glossy, ovate to oblong, 1.5-^3 cm. long, flowers peduncled ; corolla blue, 

 with truncate lobes. — Roadsides, etc., escaped from cultivation. Apr.-June. 

 (Introd. from Eu.) 



3. TRACHELOSPERMUM Lemaire. Climbing Dogbane 



Calyx with 3-5 glands at its base inside. Stamens included ; anthers 

 arrow-shaped, with an inflexed tip. Pods (follicles) 2, slender, many-seeded. 

 Seeds oblong. — Twining plants, more or less wood}', with small flowers in 

 cymes. (Name from rpdx^Xos, a neck^ and airep^ia^ seed, upon the supposition 

 that the seed was beaked.) 



1. T. diff6rme (Walt.) Gray. Nearly herbaceous and glabrous ; leaves oval- 

 lanceolate, pointed, thin ; calyx-lobes taper-pointed ; corolla pale yellow. — 

 Damp grounds, Del. to Fla. and Tex. June, July. 



4. AP6CYNUM [Tourn.] L. Dogbane. Indian Hemp 



Calyx-lobes acute. Corolla bell-shaped, bearing 5 triangular appendages 

 below the throat opposite the lobes. Stamens on the very base of the corolla ; 

 filaments shorter than the arrow-shaped convergent anthers, which slightly 

 adhere to the stigma. Style none ; stigma large, ovoid, slightly 2-lobed. Fruit 

 of 2 long and slender follicles. Seeds with a tuft of long silky down at the 

 apex. — Perennial herbs, with upright branching stems, opposite mucronate- 

 pointed leaves, a tough fibrous bark, and small and pale cymose flowers on 

 short pedicels. (Ancient name of the Dogbane, composed of d7r6, from, and 

 Kvuif, a dog.) 



* Corolla pink or pink-striped or vnhite, 4-9 mm. long, the lobes more or less 



spreading. 



•*- Inflorescences both terminal and axillary cymes of nodding flowers 6-9 mm. 

 long; corolla campanulate, the lobes prominently flaring. 



1. A. androsaemifblium L. (Spreading D.) Stems smooth, 3-5 dm. high, 

 loosely 10 ide-b ranched above tvith ascending often dichotomons branches; loaves 

 ovate to ovate-oblong, mucronate-tipped, slender-petioled, loosely spreading 

 or drooping, dull dark green and smooth above, pale and usually somewhat 

 pubescent beneath ; cymes flowering simultanf07(sly, the terminal usually largest ; 

 flowers fragrant, mostly nodding ; calyx rarely half as long as the corolla-tube ; 

 corolla pink, with deeper stripes in the tube, the finally recurved lobes blunt. — 

 Dry thickets, open woods, etc. June- Aug. 



H- •»- Inflorescences terminal or at the tips of leafy branches, of spreading or 

 slightly nodding flowers 4-7 mm. long ; corolla from urceolate to short- 

 tubular, the tube somewhat pentagonal, the lobes slightly spreading. 



2. A. m§dium Greene. Similar to no. 1 ; the branches ascending or spread- 

 ing ; leaves firm, ovate-oblong to elliptic, glabrous or slightly pubescent beneath ; 

 central cyme flovjering earlier than those at the tips of the elongate branches; 

 corolla white or pink-tinged, the blunt lobes slightly spreading but not recurved. 

 (Intermediate between the preceding and the following, including A. speriosiim 

 and A. urceolifer G. S. Miller, A. Milleri Britton, and some otlier recently 

 propo.sed species.) — Open dry or moist ground, rocky shores, etc., e. Que. to 

 Md., w. to Col. June- Aug. 



* * Corolla greenish to greenish-iohite, tubular, pentagonal, 3-4.5 mm. long, the 



lobes ascending ; cymes terminal, of mostly ascending flowers. 



3. A. cannabinum L. (Indian Hemp.) Glabrous, 2-24 dm. high, the stems and 

 branches ascendinf^ (but on gravel beaches, etc., depres.scd and wide-spreading) ; 

 leaves mostly ascending, usually pale green, ovate-oblong to lanceolate, glabrous 



