712 SOLA^sACEAE (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY) 



35. ELSH6lTZIA. Willd. 



Calyx with equal teeth. Corolla 4-lobed, sliijhtly 2-lipped. Stamens 4, as- 

 cending, exserted, didynauious ; anther-cells divergent. — Herbs, with ovate or 

 oblong petioled leaves and spicate small flowers. (Named for J. S. ElshoUz^ 

 German physician and botanist of the 17th century.) 



1. E. P.vTKiNi (Lepechin) Garcke. Smooth annual, 8-7 dm. high ; bracts of 

 the spike ovate, veiny, mucronate ; calyx hirsute ; corolla purplish, 2-3 mm. 

 long. — Clearings and shores, L. Temiscouata, Que. {Northrop). (Nat. from 

 Asia.) 



SOLANACEAE (Nightshade Family) 



Herbs (or rarely shrubs), with colorless juice and alternate leaves, regular 

 5-merous and Q-androus flowers, on bractless pedicels; the corolla imbricate or 

 valvate in the bud, and mostly plaited; the fruit a 2-celled {rarely o-6-celled) 

 many-seeded capsule or berry. Seeds campylotropous or amphitropous. Embryo 

 mostly slender and curved in fleshy albumen. Calyx usually persistent. Sta- 

 mens mostly equal, inserted on the corolla. Style and stigma single. Placentae 

 in the axis, often projecting far into the cells. (Foliage rank-scented, and with 

 the fruits mostly narcotic, often very poisonous, though some are edible.) — A 

 large family in the tropics, but sparingly indigenous in our district, shading off 

 into Scrophulariaceae, from which the plaited regular corolla and 5 equal 

 stamens generally distinguish it. 



(Various cultivated species, as the Tomato, Lycopersicox escclextum Mill., 

 the Potato, SoiAnum tuberosum L,, the Egg-plant, S. Melongena L. , and Petu- 

 nias, Petunia axillaris (Lam.) BSP. and P. violIcea Lindl., stray from 

 cultivation but seldom persist.) 



* Corolla wheel-shaped, 5-parted or 5-lobed ; the lobes valvate and their margins usually turned 



inward in the bud ; anthers connivent ; fruit a berry. 



1. Solanum. Anthers opening by pores or chinks at the tip. • 



* * Corolla various, not wheel-shaped, nor valvate in the bud ; anthers separate. 

 +- Fruit a berrj', closely invested by an herbaceous (not angled) calyx. 



2. Chamaesaracha. Corolla plicate, 5-angulate. Pedicels solitary, recurved in fruit. 



■»- -t- Fruit a berry, inclosed in the bladdery-inflated calyx ; corolla widely expanding. 



3. Physalis. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 5-lobed or nearly entire. Berry juicy, 2-celled. 



4. Nicandra. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla nearly entire. Berry dry, 3-5-celled. 



-t- -H 4- Fruit a berry, with the unaltered calyx persistent at its base. 



5. Lycium. Corolla funnel-form or tubular, not plaited. Berry small, 2-celled. 



■*-■*-■*-+- Fruit a capsule. 



6. Hyoscyamus. Calyx urn-shaped, inclosing the smooth 2-celled capsule, the top of which 



falls off as a lid. Corolla and stamens somewhat irregular, 



7. Datura. Calyx prismatic, 5-toothed. Capsule prickly, naked, mor? or less 4-celled, 4-valved. 



( Orolla funnel-form. 



8. Nicotiana. Calyx tubular-bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Capsule inclosed in the calyx, 2-celled. 



1. SOLAnUM [Tourn.] L. Nightshade 



Calyx and wheel-shaped corolla 5-parted or 5-cleft (rarely 4-10-parted), the 

 latter plaited in the l)U(i, and valvate or induplicate. Stamens txserted ; fila- 

 ments very short; anthers converging around tlie styU', oi)eniif; at the tip 

 by two pores or chinks. l*(M'ry usnally 2-c,('lic(l. Ilfrhs. or slirnhs in waiMii cli- 

 mates, the larger leaves often accompanied by a snialUu- lateral Cri^uieal) one; 



