758 CAPRTFOLIACEAE (HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY) 



5. TRIOSTEUM L. Feverwort. Horse Gentian 



Calyx-lobes liiifar-lanceolate, leaf-like, persistent. Corolla tubular, some- 

 what e(j[ually 5-lobed, scarcely longer than the calyx. Ovary mostly 8-celled, 

 in fruit forming a dry drupe containing o ribbed 1-seeded bony nutlets. — ('oarse 

 hairy perennial herbs, leafy to the top ; the ample entire pointed leaves tapering 

 to the base or connate round the simple stem. Flowers solitary or clustered 

 in the axils. (Name an abbreviation of Triosteospermum, alluding to the three 

 bony nutlets.) 



1. T. perfoliatum L. (Tinker's Weed, Wild Coffee.) Coarse, O.'j to 1.2 

 m. high ; stem denscJij glandidar-puberulent above ; leaven dark green, thickish, 

 oval, the primary ones abruptly narrowed below to connate-cl aspiiuj bases '2-1 

 cm. broad, the uppermost tapering or scarcely connate at base ; corolla tubidnr- 

 campamtlate. hardly bilabiate, from purplish to yellowish or greenish, about 

 equaling the stamens ; fruits usually 0-8 at each node, subglobose, dull orange- 

 yellow. — Rich low woods, s. Mass. to Neb., Mo., and Ala. Fl. May, June; 

 fr. Aug., Sept. 



2. T. aurantiacum Bicknell. Sparingly glandular-puberulent. and loith 

 spreading longer g/andless hairs, or glabrate ; leaves ovate-oblong to oblong- 

 lanceolate, abruptly narrowed below to winged sessile hardly clasping basf^s 

 (O.oto \.i) cm. broad) ; corolla dihited above, distinctly bilabiate, purplish-red, 

 much exceeding the stamens; fruits 2-H at each node, ellipsoid-ovoid, bright 

 orange-red. — Open rocky or sandy woods, N. B. to Ont., la., and N. C. Fl. 

 May, June ; fr. Aug. -Oct. 



•J. T. angustifblium L. Smaller, bristly-hairy ; leaves lanceolate, tapering 

 to the base; flowers greenish-cream-color, mostly single in the axils. — Shady 

 grounds, Ct. to Del. and Ala., w. to Mo. Fl. May ; fr. Aug. 



6. VIBURNUM [Tourn.] L. Arrow-wood. Laurestinus 



Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla spreading, deeply 5-lobed. Stamens 5. Stigmas 

 1-3. Fruit a 1-celled 1-seeded drupe, with soft pulp and a thin-crustaceous 

 (flattened or tumid) stone. — Shrubs, with simple leaves, and white (rarely pink) 

 flowers in flat compound cymes. Petioles sometimes iDearing little appendages 

 which are evidently stipules. Leaf-buds naked, or with a pair of scales. (The 

 classical Latin name, of unknown meaning.) 



a. C3'ra3 radiant, the niarj^inal flowers neutral and very showy. 



Leaves i)liinately veined, not lobed . . . ' 2. F. alnifolium. 



Leaves ;)almately veined, 8-lobed 3. F. Opulas. 



a. Cymes not radiant, the tiowers all small and uniform b. 

 b. Leaves for the most part jtalmately veined and 3-lobed. 



Leaves glabrous ; drupe bright red ; stone tlat 4. V. paiiciflorum. 



Leaves soft-downy beneath ; drupe finally purple-black ; stone len- 

 ticular ' 5. F. acerifolium. 



b. Leaves pinnately veined, not lobed c. 

 c. Leaves prominently toothed and with straightish veins ; stone 

 grooved d. 

 d. Stipules slender, prominent, exceeding the very short petioles ; 

 stone flat 



d. Stipules wanting or much shorter than the petioles; stone deeply 



grooved. 



Winter-buds naked ; leaves finely toothed 



Winter-buds covered by scales ; "leaves coarsely toothed. 



Petioles stijoilate ; bark of older branches loose and exfoliating 

 Petioles without sti|)ules ; bark close. 

 Lower surface of leaves, petioles, and young branchlets 

 stellate-tomentose. 

 Principal leaves with T-11 pairs of veins, the teeth acute . 

 Principal leaves with 5-7 pairs of veins, the teeth blunt 

 Lower surface of leaves and petioles glabrous, or with simple 



caducous hairs 10. I', dentatum. 



c. Leaves finely toothed or entire; the veins inconspicuous, curved j,nd 

 anastomosin'T : stone flat and even e. 



e. Cymes peduncicd ; drupes less than 1 cm. long-. 



Peduncle usually shorter than the rays of the cyme ; leaves dull 



above H. F. caasinoides. 



