T86 COMPOSITAE (composite family) 



* * * * Pappus not obviously plumose to the naked eye ; corolla-Job es smooth inside. 



5. L. scari5sa Willd. Stem stout, 0.3-1.8 m. high, pubescent or hoary; 

 leaves (smooth, rough, or pubescent) lanceolate ; the lowest oblong -lanceolate or 

 obovate-oblong . tapering into a petiole ; heads few or many, large, 25-40-flow- 

 ered ; bracts of the broad or depressed involucre obovate or spatulate, very numer- 

 ous, with dry and scarious often colored tips or margins. (Laciniaria Hill.) — 

 Dry soil, s. Me. to Out., Neb., and southw. — Widely variable ; heads 2.5 cm. or 

 less in diameter. 



Var. squarrul5sa (Michx.) Gray. Slender ; heads smaller, 14-20-flowered ; 

 bracts numerous. (^Lacinaria scariosa, var. Small.) — Open woods, Va., and 

 southw. 



(5. L. pycnostachya Michx. Hairy or smoothish ; stem stout, 0.5-1.6 ra. 

 high, very leafy ; leaves linear-lanceolate, the upper very narrowly linear ; spike 

 thick and dense, 1.5-5 dm. long ; heads about 5-liowered, 1 cm. long ; bracts of 

 the cylindrical involucre oblong or lanceolate, with recurved or spreading colored 

 tips. {Laciniaria Ktze. ) — Trairies, from Ind. to Minn., Neb., and southw. 



7. L. spicata (L.) Willd. Smooth or somewhat hairy ; stems very leafy, 

 stout, 0.'>-1.8 m. high ; leaves linear, the lower 3-5-nerved ; heads 8-12-flowered, 

 1 cm. long, crowded in a long spike ; bracts of the cylindrical-bell-shaped invo- 

 lucre oblong or oval, obtuse, appressed, with slight margins; achenes pubescent 

 or smoothish. {Laciniaria Ktze.) — Moist grounds, Mass. to s. Ont., Minn., and 

 southw. — Involucre often resinous, very smooth. 



Var. montana Gray. Low and stout ; leaves broader, obtuse ; spike short 

 and heads large. {Lacinaria spicata, var. pumila Porter.) — Mountain-tops, 

 Va., and southw. 



8. L. graminif51ia (Walt.) Willd. Hairy or smoothish ; stem 3-9 dm. high, 

 slender, leafy ; leaves linear, elongated, 1-nerved ; heads several or numerous, 

 in a spike or raceme, 7-12-flowered ; bracts of the obconical or obovoid involucre 

 spatulate or rjblong, obtuse, or somewhat pointed, rigid, appressed; achenes 

 hairy. {Laciniaria Ktze.; Lacinaria Smallii Britton.) — Va., and southw. — 

 Inflorescence sometimes panicled, especially in 



Var. dubia Gray. Bracts of involucre narrower and less rigid, oblong, often 

 ciliate. {Lacinaria graminifolia, var. pilosa Britton.) — Wet pine barrens, 

 N. J., and southw. 



10. GRINDELIA Willd. Gum-plant. Tar-weed 



Heads many-flowered, radiate (or rayless); rays pistillate. Bracts of the 

 hemispherical involucre imbricated in several series, with slender more or less 

 spreading green tips. Achenes short and thick, compressed or turgid, truncate, 

 glabrous; pappus of 2-8 caducous awns. — Coarse perennial or biennial herbs, 

 often resinous-viscid, ours glabrous and leafy with sessile or clasping alternate 

 and spinulose-serrate or laciniate rigid leaves, and large heads terminating leafy 

 branches. Disk and ray yellow. (Named for Prof David Hieronymus Grindel, 

 1770-1830, a Russian botanist.) 



1. G. squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal. Leaves spatulate- to linear-oblong; invo- 

 lucre squai'rose ; achenes not toothed ; pappus-awns 2 or 3. — Prairies and dry 

 banks, 111. to Minn., southw. and westw. ; rarely adv. eastw. July-Oct. Var. 

 NfjDA (Wood) Gray. Rays wanting. — Mo., and westw. 



2. G. lanceolata Nutt. Leaves lanceolate or linear ; involucral bracts erect 

 or the lower tips spreading ; achenes with 1 or 2 short teeth at tlie summit ; 

 awns 2. — Prairies and barrens, Tenn., Mo., Kan., and southw. July, Aug. 



11. GUTIERREZIA Lag. 



Heads few-several-flowered, radiate ; rays 1-6, pistillate. Involucre cylm- 

 dric-clavate ; bracts coriaceous, with green tips, closely imbricated, the outer 

 shorter. Heceptacle small, naked. Achenes short, terete ; pappus of about 9 

 chaffy .scales, shorter in the ray-flowers. — Suffrutescent (our species), glabrous, 



