COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 819 



corymbed, obovoid ; involucre 6-8 mm. long. (^S. tortifolius Nees.) — Pine 

 woods, Va., and south w. Aug. 



25. BACCHARIS L. Groundsel Tree 



Heads many-flowered; flowers all tubular, dioecious, i.e. the pistillate and 

 staminate borne by different plants. Involucre imbricated. Corolla of the 

 pistillate flowers very slender and thread-like ; of the staminate larger and 

 5-iobed, Anthers tailless. Achenes ribbed; pappus of capillary bristles, in the 

 staminate plant scanty and tortuous, in the pistillate very long and copious. — 

 Shrubs, commonly smooth and resinous or glutinous. Flowers whitish or yellow. 

 (Namf of some shrub anciently dedicated to Bacchus.) 



1. B. halimifblia L. Glabrous but somewhat scurfy, 1-3 m. high ; branches 

 angled ; leaves obovate and wedge-form, petiolate, coarsely toothed, or the upper 

 entire ; heads scattered at the ends of the branches, forming pyramidal panicles ; 

 involucre b-Q mm. high ; bracts acutish. — Sea beaches and marshes, Mass. to 

 Va.. and southw. — The fertile plant conspicuous in autumn by its very long 

 (1-1.5 cm.) white pappus. 



2. B. glomeniliflbra Pers. Brighter green ; heads of both kinds sessile o» 

 nearly so in the axils, forming glomerules ; otherwise much like the preceding 

 — N. C. to Fla. ; said to reach s. Va. (Bermuda.) 



26. PLtrCHEA Cass. Marsh Fleabane 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular, the central perfect but sterile, 

 few, with a 5-cleft corolla ; all the others with a thread-shaped truncate corolla, 

 pistillate and fertile. Involucre imbricated. Receptacle flat, naked. Anthers 

 with tails. Achenes grooved ; pappus in a single row. — Herbs, somewhat 

 glandular, emitting a strong or camphoric odor, the heads cymosely clustered. 

 Flowers purplish, in summer, (Dedicated to the Abbe Fluche, French natural- 

 ist of the 18th century.) 



1. P. foetida (L.) DC. Perennial, 5-0 dm. high; leaves closely sessile or 

 half-clasping, oblong to lanceolate, sharply denticulate, veiny, only 5-8 cm. 

 long; heads clustered in a corymb; bracts lanceolate. (P. bifrons DC.) — 

 Low ground, N. J., and southw. 



2. P. camphorata (L.) DC. (Salt Marsh Fleabane.) Annnal,pale, S-IS 

 dm. high ; leaves slightly petioled. oblong-ovate or lanceolate, thickish, obscurely 

 veiny, subentire or serrate ; corymb flat ; heads 5-9 nmi. high ; involucral bracts 

 ovate to lanceolate, puberulent. — Salt marshes, Mass. to Va., and southw. 



3. P. petiolata Cass. Greener and smoother ; leaves slender-petioled, more 

 finely and sharply sen^ate ; heads smaller ; bracts merely granular. — Moist soil, 

 Md. to 111., Kan., and southw. 



27. GIFOLA Cass. Cotton Rose 



Heads rather many-flowered, discoid ; flowers as in Pluchea, the central usually 

 sterile. Receptacle elongated or top-shaped ; the chaff resembling the proper 

 involucral bracts, each scale covering a single pistillate flower. Achenes terete ; 

 pappus of the central flowers capillar}^ of the outer ones mo.stly none. — Annual, 

 with entire leaves, and small lieads in capitate clusters. (Name an anagram of 

 Filago, the name of a related genus.) 



1. G. (lERMANiCA (L.) Dumort. (Herba Impia.) Stem erect, short, clothed 

 with lanceolate upright crowded leaves, and producing a capitate cluster of 

 woolly heads, from which rise one or more branches, each terminated by a 

 similar head, and so on; — hence the common name applied to it by the old 

 botanists, as if the offspring were undutifully exaltim^ themselves above the 

 parent. (^Filago L.) — Dry fields, X. Y. to Va, July-Oct. (Nat. from Eu.) 



