834 COMPOSITAE (composite family) 



linear to filiform and entire, or the lowest lanceolate and serrulate ; bracts 

 jUiform-aUenuatp. — ^^ry i)lains, Mo. to Neb., southw. and westw. 



4. H. angustifolius L. A'ie/n slender, 0.5-2 m. high, nsually scabrous; leaves 

 mostly opposiLf, long and linear, sessile, entire, with revolute margins ; heads 

 loosely corymbed, loug-peduncled ; bracts amUe or pointed. — Low pine barrens, 

 L. I. and N. J. to Ky., and so nth w. 



* * Invohicral bracts closer, more imbricated, short, unequal and not foUaceous ; 



leaves lanceolate to ovate, mostly opposite and S-)ierved. 



-*- Disk dark. 



5. H. atr6rubens L. Bough-hairy ; stem slender, 1.5-2.5 m. high, smooth 

 and naked and forking above ; leaves thinnish, ovate or oval to oblong-lanceolate, 

 or the lowest heart-shaped, 7-15 cm. long, serrate, abruptly contracted into a 

 margined petiole ; heads small, corymbed ; bracts ovate, obtuse, ciliolate, 

 depressed; rays 10-10 ; pappus of 2 fringed scales. — Dry soil, Va, to Mo,, and 

 southw. ; said to extend northwestw. to Minn. 



6. H. scaberrimus Kll. Stem stout, 0.5-2 m. high or more, simple or spar- 

 ingly branched, rough ; leaves very thick and rigid, rough both sides, oblong- 

 lanceolate, usually pointed at both ends, nearly sessile, entire or serrate, tlie 

 lowest oval ; heads nearly solitary, rather large ; bracts ovate or oblong, obtuse, 

 or mostly acute, ciliate, appressed ; rays 20-25 ; pappus of 2 large and often sev- 

 eral small scales. (H. rigidus Desf.) — Dry prairies, Mich, to the Saskatchewan, 

 westw. and southwestw. ; adventive in e. Mass. 



-i- -i- Disk yellow. 



7. H. Iaetifl5rus Pers. Closely resembling the preceding ; leaves rather 

 thinner ; heads single or corymbed ; bracts rather fewer (in 2 or 3 rows), nar- 

 rower and acute or mostly acuminate. — Dry open places. Pa. to Minn., and 

 southw. ; sparingly adventive m e. Mass. — Rays showy, 3-5 cm. long. 



8. H. occidentalis Riddell. Somewhat hairy ; stem slender, simple, naked 

 above, 1 m. or less high, sending out runners from the base, bearing 1-5 small 

 heads on long peduncles ; lowest leaves oval or lanceolate-ovate, entire or 

 obscurely serrate, roughish-pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted into long 

 hairy petioles ; the uppi^r small and remote; bracts ovate to lanceolate, acute or 

 pointed, sometimes ciliate. — Dry barrens, O. to Minn., and southw. ; somewhat 

 established on the N. J. coast (£'. F. Williams). 



Var. Dowellianus (Curtis") T. & G. More robust, leafy in the middle, merely 

 strigillose or puberulent ; leaves larger, broadly oval, 5-9 cm. wide. — Mts. of 

 N. C. and Ga. ; said to extend northw. to D.C. 



9. H. illinoensis Gleason. Very similar to the preceding variety, but the 

 petioles, lower part of stem, etc., loosely villous; leaves lance-oblong to t)vate, 

 strictly opposite, the pairs separated by well developed internodes ; the blade 

 contracted into a winged petiole of nearly its own length. — Sandy soil, in oak 

 woods, etc., along the Illinois R. (Gleason). — Recently discovered and as yet 

 but little known ; perhaps only a form of the preceding species. 



* * * Involucre looser, the bracts more acuminate or elongated or foUaceous; 



disk yelloio {anthers dark). 



' ■»- Leaves all opposite, sessile, serrulate ; pubescence rather soft. 



10. H. m611is Lam. Stem simple, leafy to the top, 1 m. high ; leaves ovate 

 to lanceolate, with broad cordate cla.sping base, pointed ; scales lanceolate, sel- 

 dom exceeding the di.sk. — Dry barrens, Mass. to la., Kan., and southw. 



•^ ■♦- Leaves mostly alternate and S-nerved^ soft-pube.scent beneath, srahro^is 

 above; scales very long and loose, hairy; tips of chaff and corolla-lobes 

 hirsute. 



11. H. toment5sus Michx. Stem hairy, stout, 1-2.5 m. high ; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, or the lowest ovate, tapering at both ends, obscurely serrate, large 

 (1.5-3 dm. long), somewhat petioled ; disk 2.5 cm. broad; rays 12-16, about 

 2.5 cm. long. — Rich woods, Va., and southw. along the mts. 



