A GUIDE 



TO 



DOMESTICATED ANIMALS 



(OTHER THAN HORSES). 



Domesticated 



The Domesticated Cattle of Europe are in most 

 cases descended from the extinct black Wild 

 * Ox or Aurochs {Bos taurus primigenius), which 



survived in Poland till the middle of the IGth century. The earliest 

 domesticated breed in Great Britain is the Celtic Shorthorn (com- 

 monly called B. Jongifrons), of which the remains occur in Pre- 

 historic and Roman deposits. The White Cattle of Chillingham, 

 Chartley, and certain other British parks have been regarded as 

 truly wild animals ; but their colour is alone sufficient to indicate 

 that they are the seuii-albino descendants of domesticated breeds. 

 In addition to these, the more important native breeds met with 

 in the British Islands are the Shetland, Highland, Pembroke or 

 Welsh, KeiTy, Polled Angus, Ayrshire, Galloway, Polled Suffolk, 

 Devon, Hereford, Long-horn, and Short-horn. The Jersey, Guernsey, 

 and Alderney breeds have been introduced from the Channel Islands. 

 Among Continental breeds, the long-horned and fawn-coloured 

 Hungarian Cattle, which range through Turkey into Western Asia, 

 and the whitish, long-horned Podolian Cattle of Poland and North 

 Italy, characterised by the height of their fore-quartei*s, show 

 evident signs of affinity with the Aurochs in the black "points" 

 of the adult bulls. The cows and calves, on the other hand, are 

 wholly white. 



European Cattle have been introduced into America, Australia, 

 New Zealand, etc., where they have become half-wild. In South 

 America the Niatu, or Snub-nosed Cattle, form a very remarkable 

 breed. 



