Dogs. 29 



Canis mickii, the remains of which occur in somewhat earlier strata 

 on the Continent. 



The nnnibcr of lower teeth in domesticated breeds is greater 

 than in the Asiatic Wild Dogs of the genus Gyoii. Eskimo Dogs 

 present many Wolf-like charactere, and the Dogs of the Hare 

 Indians show a strong resemblance to the Coyot(^. In Europe Dogs 

 were domesticated during the Prehistoric period ; and in Egypt several 

 distinct breeds were established between 3,000 and 4,000 B.C. 



The greater number of the breeds may be arranged in the 

 following six groups : — 



I. — Wolf-like Dogs. Including Eskimo and Hare Indian Dogs, 

 Pomeranians, Sheep-dogs and Collies, Drovers' Dogs, and the Pariah 

 Dogs of Eastern Europe, Asia, and Africa. The Dingo, which is 

 domesticated by the Australian aborigines, has been generally 

 regarded as a distinct species, but comes very close to the Pariah Dogs. 



II. — Greyhound Group. Comprising English and Italian 

 Greyhounds, Deerhound, Irish Wolfhound, and Persian, Afghan, and 

 Russian long-haired Greyhounds or Wolfhounds, the last now 

 generally known as Borzois. These Dogs hunt by sight. The 

 Hairless Dogs of Asia and South America may probably be placed 

 here. Lurchers are a cross between either the Deerhound and 

 Collie or the English Greyhound and Sheep-dog. 



III. — Spaniel Group. Includes Field and Water Spaniels, of 

 wliicli there are several breeds, King Charles, Blenheim, Pekinese 

 and Japanese Spaniels, Setters (large Spaniels which point at game), 

 Retrievers, Newfoundlands, and Labrador Dogs. 



IV. — Hound Group. In this group are classed Bloodhounds, 

 Stagliounds, Foxhounds, Harriei-s, Otter-hounds, Beagles, Bassets, 

 Turnspits, Dachshunds, Pointers, and Dalmatian or Carriage Dogs. 

 With the exception of the Pointer, the members of this group hunt 

 by foot-scent. 



V. — Mastiff Group. Includes English and Cuban Mastiffs, 

 Bull-dog, Great Danes or Boarhounds, Pugs, St. Bernards, and the 

 long-haired Tibetan Mastiff. The Bull-terrier is a cross between 

 the Bull-dog and the Smooth-haired Terrier. 



VI. — Terrier Group. Comprises Fox-terriers, Irish Terrier, Skye 

 Terrier, Dandie Dinmont, Yorkshire and Halifax Terriers, English 

 Terrier, Poodles, and Maltese, Russian, and Mexican Lapdogs. 



^ . , , In addition to a large number of skulls exhibited in 



P3.Pi3.nSl 3TI(I 



>:. the table-case. Pariah Dogs are represented m the 



DingfO. collection by a female from Constantinople, presented 



