146 PRINCIPLES OF FARM PRACTICE 



The principles of grafting and budding are simple. They 

 consist essentially in bringing the freshly-cut surface of the 

 branch of the tree (called stock) on which the graft or bud 

 is to be set into contact with the cut surface of the twig to 

 be grafted (called cion), or into contact with the bud to be 

 set. The cut surfaces must be brought together in such a 

 way as to make a portion of the cambium, or growing layer 

 of the stock, touch the cambium of the cion or the bud. In 

 the case of grafts, they are held in place by grafting wax 

 pressed around the union; in the case of buds, by means of 

 a coarse string or bit of raffia. 



Some trees, such as the peach, are easily budded, while 

 others, such as the apple, are grafted more successfully. 

 Grafting and budding take some time and attention, but the 

 results are interesting and often worth while. Boys and 

 girls can do the work quite as successfully as adults. 



