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fragments of broken shells, an appreciable quantity 

 of animal matter, and small quantities of soda, 

 potash, and magnesia ; 25 per cent, only being sand. 



We learn from Johnston that shell-sand is not 

 only extensively utilized in Ireland and on the 

 coast of Cornwall, whence it is transported to 

 some distance into the interior, but that on the 

 coast of France also it is procured in large quanti- 

 ties, and is in great demand by inland farmers, who 

 use it at the rate of 10 to 15 tons per acre. 



The shell- sand found on the coasts of India 

 will prove a cheap and valuable manure for all 

 heavy soil, which it will not only decompose, 

 but render more porous, and thus better fitted for 

 higher cultivation. All clay soils will be largely 

 benefited by it ; and, being so cheap and easily 

 obtainable, I have no doubt but that its utility has 

 only to become known to ensure its extensive use. 



Shell-sand will prove a most useful manure 

 for grass-lands, and, where available, I would 

 recommend its use largely, for it will extirpate all 

 weeds, all sour and harsh grasses, and produce 

 a sweet herbage which will well repay the trifling 

 additional outlay. 



Several other Indian sources of carbonate of lime 

 might be mentioned, but I am not sufficiently 

 acquainted with their nature or the extent of their 

 existence to mention anything more than the fact 

 that they exist. 



Reverting to kunkur, it has been said that it can 



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