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are dug-up, cleared, and sown with wheat or 

 winter turnips. Thus crop follows crop the whole 

 year through. The nature of the preceding crop 

 is a matter of indifference, the selection of the 

 succeeding one being determined by the store of * 

 manure, th& season, and the requirements of the 

 farm. If there is a deficiency of manure, the inter- 

 vening rows are allowed to lie fallow, until a suffi- 

 cient quantity has been collected for them. 



This system, as a whole, has also this great advan- 

 tage, that the manure may be used at all times, 

 and need never lie idle as a dead capital bearing no 

 interest ; and moreover, perhaps, the most important 

 point of all is, that a direct ratio is thereby secured 

 between the power of the soil, as shown in the 

 crops, and the stock of manure on hand a ratio 

 not disturbed here by artificial means or by any 

 tour de force. Expressed in other words, the income 

 and expenditure of the soil are always kept evenly 

 balanced. 



I have witnessed this system carried out to the 

 fullest attainable degree in the vicinity of large 

 towns, such as Yeddo, also in particularly fertile 

 valleys, and on fields bordering on the great high- 

 ways. Here crop succeeded crop, manure followed 

 manure. Here the plot of ground produced 

 much more than could be consumed on it, but 

 the great city and the privies on the highroad 



