CUTTINGS 



59 



The tips of the canes are bent over and pegged or otherwise held 

 to the ground. Usually the tip is recurved and perhaps slightly 

 broken a few inches from the top, a,nd this wounded point is brought 

 in contact with the loose soil. If this is done immediately after 

 the crop of berries is harvested the new plants will be well started 

 in time to transplant them the following fall if desired. After 

 rooting takes place the canes of the parent plants may be cut 

 loose from the young plants by the use of long-handled hedge 

 shears or a sharp spade. 



Vine layering is practiced with certain varieties of grapes and 

 with such other plants as certain kinds of roses, Virginia creeper 

 and viburnum (Fig. 48). It is possible to use the method with 

 almost any shrub. The vine is laid down in a furrow and covered 

 at several points with soil. With some vines, rooting will take 



FIG. 47. 



FIG. 48. 



FIG. 49. 



FIG. 47. Tip layering as practiced with black cap raspberries and many other shrubs. 



FIG. 48. Vine layering as practiced with ampelopsis, grape, and many other vines. 



FIG. 49. Mound layering us practiced with the gooseberry, quince, lilac, and some others. 



place more readily if a wound has been made at the point of con- 

 tact with the soil. 



Mound layering. Many shrubs, such as the gooseberry and 

 sometimes the quince, may be propagated by this method (Fig. 49). 

 A mound of loose earth is formed among the branches above the 

 crown. When roots have formed in this mound the plant may be 

 taken up and divided by cutting the branches apart. Each will 

 have its own roots, thus forming a separate plant. 



Cuttings. Many house plants are started by means of cut- 

 tings made from either .the green stems or the leaves or both. This 

 is a method familiar to many, because it is practiced in so many 

 homes. Begonia, geranium, fuchsia, spiderwort and numerous 

 others are thus propagated. The condition most favorable for 

 the starting of green cuttings is to have very clean sharp sand par- 

 tially shaded from the sun by means of newspapers or very fine 

 covering to retard evaporation. The room should be warm. 



