338 



SMALL FRUITS 



are Lawton, Snider, and Eldorado. The fruit is borne on canes 

 of the preceding year's growth and the old canes are harmful to 

 the young ones if not cut away. This should be done as soon as 

 the crop is harvested. In middle latitudes where the season is 

 long, the bushes may be mowed down with bush hooks just after 

 harvest. A new growth of canes will then be produced to bear 

 the next season's crop. This plan prevents a very high growth 

 at any time (Fig. 228). 



Blackberries ripen later than raspberries (Fig. 229). For this 

 reason tillage must be kept up longer to save moisture necessary 



Fia. 228. Blackberry bushes may be kept low by close pruning (New Jersey Station ) 



for ripening the crop. Otherwise the tillage and annual care are 

 similar. 



Gooseberries, There are several types of gooseberries, but the 

 type most commonly grown here originated in America. Common 

 varieties of this type are Champion, Downing (Fig. 230), and 

 Pearl. A few European varieties are used in America, particu- 

 larly on the Pacific coast. Among these may be mentioned Chau- 

 tauqua and Industry. Gooseberries may be propagated either by 

 cuttings or by mound layering and stem layering. When grown on 

 a commercial scale the bushes, which are set in early spring, are 



