340 



SMALL FRUITS 



of the valuable constituents of the manure into the soil. The fruit 

 is borne on stems which are at least one year old. The only prun- 

 ing required is to cut away the very oldest stems that show deteri- 

 oration. Cutting away those 

 four years old or more will 

 usually keep the bushes thin 

 enough. The currant is subject 

 to severe attacks of the currant 

 worm which eats off the leaves. 

 Spraying with Paris green as 

 for potatoes will keep this en- 

 emy in check. 



True currants are of two 

 colors red and white, and both 

 are of European origin. Good 

 red varieties are Cherry (Fig. 

 231), Dutch, Fay, Pomona and 

 Wilder. White Dutch and 

 White Grape are good white 

 varieties. The red currants are 

 chiefly used for making jelly and 

 jam. White varieties are less 

 popular, but are used for eating 

 out of hand and cooking as 

 sauce. 



Grapes of different varie- 

 ties are popular in all parts of 

 America. They are used in the 

 form of fresh fruit or for cook- 

 ing or for the making of jelly 

 and unfermented grape juice. 

 In the Old World the crop is 

 extensively used in the manu- 

 facture of wines, but this use is 

 less common in America. Our 

 FIG. 23p. A twig of the Downing goose- best varieties are of American 



berry showing the blossoms. It is only a short x^,,^ Tnrlpprl a laro-P rrnrnr 

 time after this stage before the berries will be Origin. (I d, IdFge propo] 



ready to pick. (New Jersey Station.) t lOn Q f ^he European grapes 



are grown on American stocks. This was started a number 

 of years ago because of the damage done to the roots of Euro- 

 pean grapes by a parasitic enemy known as phylloxera. The 



