PRINCIPLES OF SPRAYING 



427 



the very latest forms of improved nozzles before purchasing. 

 Usually a wide nozzle (No. 8 in Fig. 297), in which the liquid is 

 given a whirling motion before it strikes the outer edge, is considered 

 best for producing a mist. Such nozzles are recommended for use 

 with Bordeaux mixture and lime-sulfur. 



Combine spray materials in preference to separate applica- 

 tions. An insecticide and a fungicide are often used together to 

 save time and labor. 



Winter sprays are always made stronger than summer sprays 

 of the same materials (Fig. 298). 



FIG. 29G. Spraying shade trees with arsenate of lead to control the leaf-eating insects 

 Much power is required to force the stream to such a height. (New Jersey Station. \ 



Lime-sulfur is a good fungicide, and is a special insecticide for 

 the control of scale insects. Its strength is varied according to 

 the purpose and the season. It may be combined with arsenate of 

 lead when biting insects are to be killed and disease prevented. 



In the purchase of spray pumps and other machinery, use 

 forethought so as to suit the apparatus to the area and purpose 

 (Figs. 299 and 300). Often a small outfit which may be carried 

 by hand on a small cart will accomplish as much as a more 

 expensive outfit. More spraying would be done by gardeners and 

 fruit growers if this were appreciated. Simple inexpensive equip- 



