Ill 



HORSE AND DOG MOUTH-GAGS. 



rubber. To avoid this, Bayer, of Vienna, made the grinding surface 

 of the molar teeth the point of support for a gag. This gag, shown 

 in Fig. 15, will be seen closely to resemble that used for many years 

 in operations on the mouth in man. 



It consists of an upper and lower portion, each provided with 



Fig. 17.— Joger's mouth-gag 

 for horses. This apparatus 

 can be dismounted and 

 packed in a very small space. 



Fig. 18. — Woolf's mouth-gag — new form. 



guides for retaining the instrument in position on the respective 

 rows of molars. The two portions are inclined towards each other 

 at an angle of about 15 degrees. The back carries a handle for 

 inserting the gag in place. The surfaces of the two plates being 



Fig. 19.— Woolf's mouth-gag— old form. 



roughened, after the manner of a rasp, assist in holding the instru- 

 ment firmly when pushed between the upper and lower molars. In 

 ase the animal's tongue is grasped with one hand and withdrawn, 

 the instrument held firmly in the other hand is then introduced into 



