40 SECURING SMALL ANIMALS. 



These methods, of course, are primitive and only suitable for trifling 

 operations. For more complicated operations one or another of the 

 above-mentioned tables may be used. 



Other methods of casting and restraining horses, cattle, pigs, 

 and dogs, will be found fully described and illustrated in Restraint 

 of Domestic Animals, by Dr. White, Nashville, Tenn., U.S.A. 



Complications. Application of the above-described methods of 

 restraint are not infrequently followed by injuries or complications. 

 The animal begins to resist immediately the hobbles are applied. 

 A horse often struggles, kicks, or moves away on finding the free use 

 of its limbs checked, and may fall awkwardly, breaking the jaw, 

 neck, shoulder, or a limb bone, according to the incidence of the 

 shock. Fracture of the spine, pelvis, or ribs is not infrequent when 

 horses are cast suddenly and violently. Even when secured, the 

 muscular efforts consequent on struggling may cause fractures of 

 vertebrae, of the pelvis, of the femur, os calcis, etc., rupture 

 of abdominal viscera, of large vessels, important muscles, or of 

 tendons, not to mention the skin wounds and contusions which 

 frequently occur. Pressure on nerves such as the facial or radial, 

 due to lying long in one position, may be followed by cramp or 

 paralysis. 



Fig. 64a. — All-metal operating table tor small animals. 



