214 



CRYPTORCHIDISM. 



Gurlt saw a horse in which the testicles occupied a very rare 

 position, viz. in contact with, and adherent to, the diaphragm. 

 Sometimes they lie outside the abdominal cavity, but not in the 

 scrotum (ectopia of the testicle) ; thus the testicles have been found 

 below the diaphragm, or in the crural canal : the first condition is 

 termed ectopia abdominalis, the latter ectopia cruralis. In dogs 

 Moller has found one or both testicles lying beneath the skin next 



s. CT. T.D. 



Fig. 244. Section through the walls of the left inguinal canal. The 

 section is through a line drawn from the centre of the lower abdominal 

 ring to the antero-external angle of the ilium. 



s. Skin. c.t. Connective tissue and fascia beneath the dartos. t.d. 

 Tunica dartos. a.o.a.e. Aponeurosis of the obliquus abdominis ex- 

 bernus muscle, a.l. Anterior lip of the lower abdominal ring. p.l. 

 Posterior lip of the lower abdominal ring. i.e. Inguinal canal and its 

 contained connective tissue, o.a.i. Obliquus abdominis interims muscle. 

 a.t.a. Aponeurosis of the transverse abdominal muscle, p. Peritoneum. 

 p.l. Poupart's ligament, f.t. Fascia of the thigh, c.a. Crural arch. 

 e.i. External angle of the ilium. 



the glans penis ; in a bull, one testicle was met with in the subcutis 

 of the flank. 



Supernumerary testicles are said to have been seen in horses and 

 mules. Cox found three testicles in a certain horse, and Oliver as 

 many as four in a mule. The accuracy of these observations may, 

 however, be questioned, as a thorough description of the super- 

 numerary organs is wanting, and one cannot help thinking that 

 these were cases of mistaken diagnosis, 



