252 



DISEASES OF THE UPS AND CHEEKS. 



a dog that suffered from unilateral paralysis Monfallet found tuber- 

 culosis of the meninges. 



It is difficult to say if rheumatic paralysis of the facial nerve 

 occurs in animals as well as in men. The greater number of cases, 

 it any rate, are of traumatic origin. Disease of the middle ear being 

 rare in the horse, it cannot often be a determining agent, and Moller 

 has never seen a case of facial paralysis in dogs, though in them 

 middle ear disease is comparatively common. But Trofimow relates 

 that a bitch showed one-sided paralysis in consequence of catching 

 cold ; the upper eyelid was involved ; cure was effected in two 



Fig. 270. — Right -sided facial paralysis 

 (central). The protrusion of the 

 tongue is accidental — it does nut 

 necessarily occur in facial paralysis. 



FlG. 271.— Double-sided facial 

 paralysis (peripheral). 



months, but a relapse is said to have occurred later. Cattle seldom 

 suffer from facial paralysis, probably because the nerve is protected 

 against mechanical injury by the horns. 



In double-sided paralysis both nostrils fall in, but a sufficient opening 

 remains for ordinary quiet respiration. Immediately, however, that 

 breathing is hurried, from such causes as excitement or rapid movement, 

 a snoring sound becomes audible during inspiration. As the horse 

 breathes only through the nose, the narrowed opening becomes in- 

 sufficient, the edges of the nostrils are pressed inwards, and inspiratory 

 dyspnoea ensues. That asphyxia is always caused, as Claude Bernard 

 stated, has not been borne out by the experiments of Gunther and Ellen- 



